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Carbon Monoxide

Tox Test 4

QuestionAnswer
Describe the hemoglobin protein. Transports oxygen throughout the body. Composed of 4 subunits.
What is cooperative binding? When one oxygen binds hemoglobin, is causes steric conformational changes in the protein complex that gives the other 3 subunits a greater affinity for oxygen.
How tightly does CO bind hemoglobin? 210-260 times stronger than oxygen
How does CO kill you? CO binds hemoglobin so tightly that it can't release. Over time, cells and tissues die from a lack of oxygen.
What are the effects of CO? Headache, weakness, dizziness, blurry vision, breathlessness, collapse, seizures, coma, death.
What are the expected blood concentrations of CO? Non-smoker: 0-5% Smoker: up to 10% Death: 50-60%
How is CO eliminated? CO is eliminated predominately through exhalation.
What is the half life of CO? Ambient air: 4-6 hours 100% Oxygen: 80 minutes Hyperbaric oxygen: 30 minutes
What is micro diffusion? Qualitative method to identify CO.
How does micro diffusion work? Acid destroys hemoglobin and releases CO. Free CO reduces PD, giving a metallic sheen.
What is the reaction for the spectrophotometry method? Ammoniun hydroxide hemolyzes blood. Sodium Dithionite reduces oxyHb and metHb, but not carboxyHb.
What wavelengths are monitored in the spectrophotometry method? 510, 540, 555, and 600 nm
Created by: bdcox15
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