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Chapter 3 Vocabulary

Science

TermDefinition
solid The state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume.
liquid The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape.
gas The state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
kinetic energy The energy an object has due to its motion.
pressure The result of a force distributed over an area.
absolute zero A temperature of 0 K.
Charlie's Law States that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number particles of the gas are constant.
Boyle's Law States that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant.
phase change The reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.
endothermic The system absorbs energy from its surroundings.
heat of fusion The amount of energy that melts in water.
exothermic The system releases energy to its surroundings.
vaporization The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.
heat of vaporization 2261 joules
evaporation The process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance's boiling point.
vapor pressure The pressure caused by the collisions of this vapor and the walls of the container.
condensation The phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid.
sublimation The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing into a liquid first.
deposition When a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without changing into a liquid first.
Created by: NicholasRatay
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