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Acts and Taxes

TermDefinition
The Navigation Acts of the 1600s This act regulated trade between England and its colonies. England collected customs duties from the colonists. The colonists resented the acts and many began to smuggle goods in and out of the country.
Writs of Assistance of 1760 These were legal documents that gave British officials the power to search cargo, homes, and businesses for smuggled goods without a real cause. Colonists believed the acts violated their rights as British citizens.
Proclamation of 1763 After the French and Indian war, this act forbade colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. It was meant to protect Native Americans and fur traders in western lands. Many settlers ignored the act and moved west anyway.
The Sugar Act of 1764 This was a tax on sugar, molasses, indigo, and coffee. The act taxed merchants of these goods, which were imported to the colonies.
The Stamp Act of 1765 This act required all legal and commercial documents (wills, marriage licenses, newspapers, cards, etc) to carry an official stamp showing that a tax had been paid on it. It was the first time the colonists were taxed directly.
The Quartering Act of 1765 This act required that the colonists provide supplies and pay for the housing of the British soldiers. Colonists claimed it was a way to tax them without their consent.
The Declaratory Act of 1766 With this act, Parliament declared that it had the right to make laws and raise taxes in "all cases whatsoever."
The Townshend Acts of 1767 This act taxed goods such as glass, paper, silk, lead paint, and tea imported to the colonies. In response, merchants and planters signed the nonimportation agreements (basically boycotting British goods)
The Committee of Correspondence, 1770 This was a group created by Sam Adams to keep the colonists informed of British actions and plans. This group wrote letters and pamphlets to spread alarm whenever Britain tried to enforce unpopular acts of parliament.
The Tea Act of 1773 In reaction to this act, the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Native Americans and organized the Boston Tea Party, where 342 chests of tea were thrown into the Boston Harbor in a symbolic form of protest.
The Intolerable Acts of 1774 This act was meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists after the Boston Tea Party. The act shut down the port of Boston and stated that town meetings could only be held once a year. The colonists felt that the acts were extremely harsh.
First Continental Congress of 1774 In reaction to all of the acts and taxes, the leaders of the colonies decided to meet and discuss uniting against the acts. They agreed to boycott all British goods and stop exporting American goods to Britain until the acts were repealed.
Created by: peticos
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