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Chapter 3 Vocab.
Term | Definition |
---|---|
solid | a substance with a definite shape and a definite volume |
liquid | a substance with a definite volume but not a definite shape |
gas | a substance with no definite volume nor a definite shape |
kinetic energy | energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion |
pressure | the continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it |
absolute zero | It is zero on the Kelvin scale |
Charles's law | The principle that the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas is proportional to its temperature as long as its pressure remains constant |
Boyle's law | a statement in physics: the volume of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely with the pressure exerted on it |
phase change | The states in which matter can exist: as a solid, liquid, or gas. When temperature changes, matter can undergo a phase change, shifting from one form to another |
endothermic | accompanied by or requiring the absorption of heat |
heat of fusion | heat required to melt a solid; specifically : the amount required to melt unit mass of a substance at standard pressure |
exothermic | accompanied by the release of heat |
vaporization | the conversion of a solid or a liquid into a gas |
heat of vaporization | required to convert a unit mass of a liquid at its boiling point into vapor without an increase in temperature |
evaporation | process of a liquid changing into a gas |
vapor pressure | the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form |
condensation | water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it |
sublimation | when anything solid turns into a gas without first becoming liquid |
deposition | geological process in which sediments, soil, and rocks are added to a landform or land mass |