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science chapter 3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
solid | is the state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and definite volume. |
liquid | is the state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a define shape. |
gas | is the state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume |
kinetic energy | is the energy an object has due to its motion. |
pressure | is the result of a force distributed over an area |
absolute zero | a temperature of 0 k |
Charles law | states that the volume of gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number of particles of the gas are constant |
boyles law | states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant |
phase change | is the reversible physical change that occurs when substance changes from one state of matter to another |
endothermic | the system absorbs energy from its surroundings |
heat fusion | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid |
exothermic | a description of a change in which a system releases energy to its surroundings |
vaporization | the phase that change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas |
heat of vaporization | the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas |
evaporation | is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substances boiling point |
vapor pressure | the pressure caused by the collisions of this vapor and the walls of the container |
condensation | is the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid |
sublimation | is the phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first |
deposition | when gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing to a liquid |