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Chapter 3 vocab
Term | Definition |
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Solid | A state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume. |
Liquid | A state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape. |
Gas | A state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape or definite volume. |
Kinetic Energy | The energy an object has due to its motion. |
Pressure | The result of a force distributed over an area. |
Absolute Zero | The temperature of 0 kelvins. |
Charles's Law | States that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins. |
Boyle's Law | States that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant. |
Phase Change | The reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another. |
Endothermic | The change in which the system absorbs energy from its surroundings |
Heat of Fusion | The amount of energy absorbed by a substance. "Heat of melting". |
Exothermic | The change in which the system releases energy to its surroundings. |
Vaporization | The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas. |
Heat of Vaporization | The amount of energy a substance must absorb to change from a liquid to a gas |
Evaporation | The process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance's boiling point. |
Vapor Pressure | The pressure caused by the collisions of vapor and the walls of the container. |
Condensation | The phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid. |
Sublimination | The phase in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first |
Deposition | The phase in which a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing to a liquid. |