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Science Vocab

Chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
Solid The state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume.
Liquid The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape.
Gas The state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
Kinetic Energy The energy an object has due to its motion.
Pressure The result of a force distributed over an area.
Absolute Zero A temperature of zero kelvins.
Charles's Law The direct proportion of the volume of a gas to its temperature (in kelvins) if the pressure and the number of particles of the gas are constant.
Boyle's Law The inverse variation of the volume of a gas with its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant.
Phase Change A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.
Endothermic A description of a change in which a system absorbs energy from its surroundings.
Heat of Fusion The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to liquid.
Exothermic A description of a change in which a system releases energy to its surroundings.
Vaporization The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas.
Heat of Vaporization The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas.
Evaporation The process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance's boiling point.
Vapor Pressure The pressure caused by the collisions of particles in a vapor with the walls of the container.
Condensation The phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid.
Sublimation The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first.
Deposition The phase change in which a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing into a liquid.
Created by: Haley.Brinkman
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