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vocabulary chapter 3
vocab 3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
solid | is the state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and volume |
liquid | is the state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but no definite shape |
gas | is the state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape or volume |
kinetic energy | is the energy an object has due to motion |
pressure | is the result of a force distributed over an area |
absoluet zero | a temperature of 0 |
charles law | states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins if the pressure and the number of particles of the gas are constant |
boyles law | states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temperature and the number of particles are constant |
phase change | is the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another |
endothermic | system absorbs energy from its surroundings |
heat of fusion | another term for melting |
exothermic | system releases energy to its surroundings |
vaporization | endothermic process |
heat of vaporization | water gains 2261 joules of energy when it vaporizes |
evaporation | is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substances boiling point |
vapor pressurre | the pressure caused by collisions |
condensation | is the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or a vapor to a liquid |
sublimation | is the phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first |
deposition | when a gas or vapor changes directly into a solid without first changing into a liquid. |