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Phys Sci-Chap 4 & 5
vocab words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nucleus | dense, positively charged mass located in the center of an atom |
| proton | positively charged subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| electron | negatively charged subatomic particle that is found in the space outside the nucleus of an atom |
| neutron | neutral subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of the atom |
| atomic number | unique number for each element that equals the number of protons in an atom of that element |
| mass number | the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotopes | atoms of a given element that have different numbers of neutrons and different mass numbers |
| energy levels | the possible energies that electrons in an atom can have |
| electron cloud | a visual model of the most likely locations for the electrons in an atom |
| orbital | a region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found |
| electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom |
| ground state | a state in which all the electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energies |
| periodic table | an arrangement of elements in columns, based on a set of properties that repeat from row to row |
| period | a row in a periodic table of elements |
| group | a column of elements in a periodic table |
| periodic law | the pattern of repeating properties displayed by elements in the periodic table |
| atomic mass unit (amu) | one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom |
| metals | elements that are good conductors of heat and electric current |
| transition metals | elements that form a bridge between elements on the left and right sides of the periodic table |
| nonmetals | elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric currents |
| metalloids | elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals |
| valence electrons | an electron that is in the highest occupied energy level of an atom |
| alkali metals | the elements in Group 1A of the periodic table, not including hydrogen |
| alkaline earth metals | the elements in Group 2A of the periodic table |
| halogens | the elements in Group 7A of the periodic table |
| noble gases | the elements in Group 8A of the periodic table |
Created by:
msparks
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