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Anatomy Chapter 2 T

QuestionAnswer
Water is the single most abundant inorganic compound in the human body. True
Which of the following groups of chemicals includes ONLY monosaccharides: glucose, fructose, galactose
Which of the following is an example of an inorganic molecule: hydrochloric acid
Which of these vitamins is NOT fat-soluble: Vitamin C
Which of the following statements about enzymes is true? they are biological catalysts
Glycogen is the storage form of _____ in animals glucose
The nucleotide chains of DNA are held together by: hydrogen bonds
Nucleotides are composed of: phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar and a nitrogen-containing base
The major function of potassium is to: play a role i nerve impulse transmission and muscle contractions
In the chemical reaction, HCl + NaOH --> H2O + NaCl is considered to be: base
An acid is a molecule that releases (donates) protons
why is ATP categorized as a nucleic acid? ATP is a modified nucleotide with three phosphate groups, ribose, and adenine
The reaction sucrose + water --> glucose + fructose is an example of a(n): decomposition reaction
The four most common elements in the human body, in order of descending quantity, are hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen False
Shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of ____ electron(s) 2
Which of these substances is an enzyme? oxidase
The four most common elements that comprise over 97% of the mass of the human body are? oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound: water
glucose and starch are examples of: carbohydrates
Disruption of the hydrogen bonds of functional proteins leads to their denaturation true
On the pH scale, zero is considered to be neutral because hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions are equal false
Monomers are joined together to form more complex molecules through: synthesis reactions
the lower the pH, the greater the number of hydrogen ions true
the number of protons in an atom equals the atomic number for that element. true
substance that releases hydrogen ions acid
substance that is a proton donor acid
most abundant inorganic compound i nthe body water
substance that releases equal amounts of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions neutral
ionic compound containing cations other than hydrogens and anions other than hydroxyls salt
The atomic number of an atom reveals the number of: protons in the atomic nucleus
An atom that has lost two electrons is called a(n): cation
In order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units: water molecules must be added to each bond
when a solution produces equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions, it is said to be neutral true
Which of the following statements about RNA is true? RNA is single stranded
___ are simple sugars containing between 3 and 7 carbon atoms monosaccharides
All ____ have an amine (NH2) group. amino acids
Electrically neutral atoms have equal numbers of ___ and ____ protons and electrons
Isotopes differ from other atoms of the same element only in the number of___ neutrons
The movement of ions across cell membranes is an example of: electrical energy
Which of the following is the role of magnesium: it is present in bone and is important cofactor for enzyme activity in a number of metabolic reactions
The subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the: electrons
The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the ___ atomic mass number
An atom with 6 protons, 7 neutrons and 6 electrons share four pairs of electrons with four other atoms. This atom is now considered to be: stable
The particle(s) located within the nucleus protons and neutrons
The particle(s) contributing to the atomic number proton(s)
The particles shared during covalent bond formation electrons
the particles that differ between isotopes neutrons
the particles contributing to the atomic mass protons and neutrons
the number of protons is equal to the number of these subatomic particles electrons
the particles lost during cation formation electrons
Which of the following substances below is matched with its correct organic group? enzymes - proteins
Isotopes have different numbers of _____; thus they also have different _____ neutrons, atomic masses
A solution with a pH of 11.7 is ____ times more basic (alkaline) than a solution with a pH of 8.7 1000
The most abundant element in the human body is oxygen
acids are defined as protons donors since they release hydrogen ions true
which of the following statements about ATP is false? its energy is captured in high-energy hydrogen bonds
A solution with a pH of 7: is neutral
Trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of: hydrogen atoms
the organic compounds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are the: proteins
every atom in a molecule has a full valence shell. true
Which of the following is NOT part of a nucleotide? phosphate containing base
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for: surface tension
Anything that has mass and takes up space is considered to be ___ matter
Which of the following solution is the weakest acid? a solution with a pH of 6.4
Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared ___ unequal
Two or more polypeptides combine to form a complex structure called: quaternary structure
The most common steroid is: cholesterol
compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonding are collectively termed ____ compounds organic
Enzymes are examples of ____ proteins functional
An atom with an atomic number of 14 with have ___ electrons in its valence shell 4
Negatively charged atoms are called cations false
Atomic mass is equivalent to the number of ____ in an atom protons and neutrons
Enzymes: increase the rates of chemical reactions by at least a millionfold
Inactive or stored energy is called kinetic energy. false
Which of the following contains sodium? NaCl
An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Its atomic mass is: 14
Nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as ____ energy electrical
Carbon is found in all inorganic compounds false
Unsaturated fats contain one or more ___ bonds between carbom atoms. both double or triple
Glucose and fructose are classified as disaccharides false
the sugar found in DNA is: deoxyribose
When a pair of electrons is shared equally between two atoms the bond is a: nonpolar covalent bond
Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carboyhydrates called ___ polysaccharides
A lipid containing three fatty acid chains and one glycerol is called: a triglyceride
Which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction> increased temperatrue
An atom with 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is a: cation
Atoms are the smallest particles of a compound that still retain the properties of that compound false
Type of lipid composed of four interlocking rings steroids
Nucleotides form the building blocks of these organic compounds nucleic acids
most of this organic compound group are water insoluble lipids
the hydrolysis of proteins produces these building blocks amino acids
DNA, RNA, and ATP are types of these organic compounds nucleic acids
Building block is the monosaccharide carbohydrate
Triglycerides, steroids, and fat-soluble vitamins are types of these organic compounds lipids
Antibodies, some hormones, and enzymes are types of these organic compounds proteins
Monosaccharides join to become a polysaccharide through a chemical reaction called ____. both dehydration synthesis and anabolic process
Phospholipids are composed of three fatty acid chains attached to one glycerol head. false
Which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary adenine and thymine
Saturated fats: exist as solids at room temperature
Created by: amh159
 

 



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