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Chapter 4

Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

TermDefinition
Element A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
Atom The smallest unit of matter (elements are atoms).
Metals Shiny, and conduct heat energy and electric current well.
Non Metals Dull (not shiny) in appearance and do not conduct heat or electricity well.
Metalloids Have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Compound Pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined (ie: water - H2O, Carbon Dioxide - CO2).
Pure Substance A substance in which there is only 1 type of particle. These particles are called atoms.
Mixtures When two or more substances are put together and do not form a compound (no chemical change; each substance keeps it's identity (ie: sand and water or cereal in milk)).
Solution Mixture that appears to be a single substance (ie: salt water or air).
Solute In a solution it is the substance that is dissolved (ie: Salt in water).
Solvent In a solution it is the substance that does the dissolving (ie: water when it dissolves salt).
Dissolve When particles of a substance separate and spread evenly throughout a mixture (ie: salt or sugar dissolve in water).
Soluble or Solubility When a substance is able to dissolve.
Alloys Solid solutions of metals or nonmetals dissolved in other metals (ie: bronze, steel, brass)
Suspension A mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough that they will eventually settle out (can be separated by a filter)(ie: oil mixed with water or dust in the air).
Colloid A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. Particles scatter light so you cannot see through it. (cannot be separated by a filter)(ie: whipped cream, milk, mayonnaise, lotion, smoke, fog).
Created by: Kenmore Science
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