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CNS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dendrite | Carry impulses to cell body |
| Axon | Carry impulses away from the cell body |
| Synapse | Communication between neurons |
| Myelin Sheath | Speeds up the action potential |
| CNS | Brain and Spinal cord |
| Sensory Neuron | Carry info to the brain or spinal cord |
| Motor Neuron | Carry info away from brain or spinal cord |
| Neuroglia | Supporting cells of the CNS&PNS |
| PNS | All nerve tissue outside the CNS |
| 6 types of neuroglia | Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, satellite cells, schwann cells, macrophages |
| Neuroglia found in the PNS | Satellite cells, schwann cells |
| Neuroglia that form myelin | Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes |
| Provide nutrients to neurons and help form blood brain barrier | Astrocytes |
| Protect because they are phagocytic | macrophages |
| Basic difference between neurons and neuroglia | Neurons are the communicators, neuroglia support and protect neurons |
| More neurons or more glia in CNS | 50 times more Glia |
| Myelin | Insulating sheath around an axon, made for speed and protection |
| How does Myelin form | Myelination |
| Describe Meningies | 3 membranes that surround the surface of the CNS |
| Describe Action Potential | Spreading wave of depolarization |
| How is an Action potential formed? | When Na+ diffuses into a cell and causes depolarization |
| Where is Ca+ important? | Synapse, muscle contraction |
| Physiological diff between nerve and muscle action potential | A nerve action potential can only travel forward whereas a muscle action potential can travel backward, also |
| Nodes of Ranvier are sections of axons that lack.. | Myelin |
| Thalamus | Major sensory relay station |
| Hypothalamus | regulates endocrine system |
| Choroid plexus | Site of CSF formation |
| Medulla Oblongata | Respiratory and Cardiovascular centers |
| Diencephalon | Contains 3rd ventricle |
| Cerebellum | Coordinates balance and posture |
| Subarachnoid space | Site of CSF circulation |
| Central sulcus | Divides motor and sensory cortex |
| Pons | accessory respiratory center |
| pineal gland | secretes melatonin |
| level of spinal cord a spinal tap is done at | between 3 and 4 |
| Where does the spinal cord end? | L2 |
| CSF excreted from | subarchnoid space |
| structure to avoid when inserting a needle | vertebrae |
| conus medullaris | tip of spinal cord that gives rise to the filum terminale |
| 5 basic parts of a reflex arc | sensory receptors, sensory neurons, CNA, motor neuron, effect |
| Effectors | peripheral gland or muscle cells intervated by a motor neuron |
| anatomical structures that are included as effectors | glands and muscles |
| CN I test | smell something |
| CN II test | vision test |
| CN III test | Blink |
| CN IV test | Follow finger with eyes |
| CN V test | touch cotton ball to face, see if they feel it |
| CN VI test | Follow fingers with eyes without moving head |
| CN VII test | smiles, frown |
| CN VIII test | whisper |
| CN IX test | swallow |
| CN X test | measure vitals |
| CN XI test | shrug shoulders |
| CN XII test | stick tongue out |
| 3 cranial nerves that mainly sensory | I II VIII |
| 3 functions of NS | movement, sensory, somatic |
| Role of Calcium in nerve transmission at chemical synapse | Ca++ rushes into the knob and triggers exocytosis of synaptic vessicles and release of ACh into synaptic cleft |
Created by:
100007976046518
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