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APS Social Studies
Physical Geography of Europe
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| permafrost | soil that is permanently frozen below the earth |
| siroccos | high dry winds from North Africa |
| dikes | large banks of earth and stone that hold back water |
| polders | low lying areas from which sea water has been drained to create new farmland |
| glaciation | the process whereby glaciers form and spread |
| fjords | long narrow steep sided inlets carved out by glaciers |
| timberline | the elevation above which trees cannot grow |
| foehns | dry winds that blow down from mountains into valleys and plains |
| avalanche | destructive masses of snow,ice, and rock sliding down mountainsides |
| mistral | a strong north wind from the Alps |
| peninsula | a body of land surrounded on three sides by water |
| Europe | second smallest continent, half the size of the continental U.S. |
| Scandinavian peninsula | Located in northern Europe. Contains Norway, Sweden, and Finland |
| Jutland | A peninsula that contains Denmark |
| Iberian Peninsula | southwest Europe contains Spain and Portugal |
| Pyrenees | mountain range cutting off the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of Europe, the range is between France and Spain |
| Apennine Peninsula | where Italy is located |
| The Apennines | a geologically young mountain range, the backbone of the peninsula |
| Mount Vesuvius | active volcano in the Apennines |
| Balkan Peninsula | southeastern Europe, bounded by Adriatic and Ionian seas on west and Aegean and Black seas on the east |
| Mount Etna | Europe's highest active volcano,located in Sicily |
| Ben Nevis | highest mountain in the British Isles at 4,406ft |
| Meseta | Spain's central plateau |
| Massif Central | France's central highlands |
| The Alps | Mountain range that forms a crescent from southern France to the Balkan Peninsula. |
| Mont Blanc | The highest peak in the Alps 15,771 feet |
| The Po River | another major river in Europe also originating in the Alps. |
| North European Plain | stretches from southeastern England and western France eastward to Poland, Ukraine, and Russia. the plain is very fertile and there are many rivers. The southern edge is very fertile because of loess |
| loess | a fine rich wind-borne soil |
| the Great Hungarian Plain | a fertile plain extends from Hungary to Croatia, Serbia, and Romania. Farmers cultivate grains, fruit, and vegetables and raise livestock in the lowlands along the Danube River |
| Thames River | located in England allows ocean going ships to reach the port of London |
| The Rhine river | is the most important river in Western Europe, it originated in the Alps |
| The Danube | Eastern Euope's major waterway |
| The Main-Danube Canal | completed in 1992 linking the Black sea to the North sea |
| peat | a kind of vegeable matter found in swamps and usually composed of mosses. Is used as a fuel that is burned (instead of wood or coal) |
| Gulf Stream | a warm current |
| North Atlantc Drift | the northern extension of the Gulf Stream current |
| coniferous trees | cone-bearing fir, pine, and spruce, found in cooler Alpine mountain areas |
| chaparral | shrubs or small trees, such as cork oak tree and the olive tree |
Created by:
tbostwick
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