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Quinn science K3
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| element | a pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means |
| pure substance | a substance in which ther eis only one type of particle |
| metals | elements that are shiny and are good conductors of thermal energy and electric current; most metals are malleable and ductile |
| nonmetal | elements that are dull and are poor conductors of thermal energy and electric current |
| metalloid | elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals; sometimes referred to as semiconductors |
| compound | a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined |
| mixture | a combination of two ore more substances that are NOT chemically combined |
| solution | a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other |
| solute | the substance that is dissolved to form a solution |
| solvent | the substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution |
| concentration | a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent |
| solubility | the ability to dissolve in another substance; more specifically, the amount of solute needed to make a saturated solutin using a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature |
| suspension | a mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough that they settle out |
| colloid | a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughoutbut are not heavy enough to settle out |
| homogeneous mixture | a combinations of substances in which different the appearance and properties are the same throughout |
| heterogeneous mixture | a combinations of substances in which different components are easily observed |
| dissolving | process in which particles of substances separate and spread out evenlly throughout a mixture |
| soluble | able to disolve in a solvent |
| insoluble | unable to disolve in a solvent |
| concentrated | contains more solute than a dilute solution |
| dilute | contains less solute than a concentrated solution |
| saturated solution | a solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature |
| unsaturated solution | a solution that contains less solute that it can hold at a given temperature |
| three properties of mixtures | substances retain their identity, can be physically seperated, and components do not have a definite ratio |
| ways to break down a compound | heating or electrolysis |
| ways to make a solute dissolve faster | mixing, heating, and crushing |
| common ways to separte mixtures | distillation, magnet, and centrifuge |
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