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Chapter 2 & 4

Stack: Sept. 24

QuestionAnswer
1.Water, vinegar, and baking soda have two elements in common. What are these elements? The two elements are oxygen and hydrogen.
2.How do elements combine to create compounds? Elements create compounds using a ratio of their masses. For instance, the compound water. The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in water is 1 to 8. That is a ratio based on their masses.
3.How can I break down a compound? There is only one way to change a compound: chemical change. If energy is needed for a chemical change there are two ways to get that energy: a)Heat b)Applying electric current
4.What are three common ways to separate mixtures? Magnetism: makes it easier to separate metals from nonmetals; to separate iron from aluminum Distillation: separates substances based upon their boiling points; separates crude oil into sections (gasoline) Centrifuge: separates by densities
5.Do mixtures have a fixed ratio like compounds? Mixtures do not have a definite mass ratio.
6.What are the differences between mixtures and compounds? Mixtures: -Made up of elements, compounds, or both -Separated by physical means -No change to original properties Compound: -Made up of elements -Separated by chemical means -Changes original properties
7.What is the process of particles separating and spreading evenly throughout a mixture Dissolving. The substance being dissolved is called the solute. The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute.
8.Let's talk solutions. What must a solution be to dissolve? A solution must be soluble or able to dissolve in its solvent. Insoluble substances are just mixtures but not solutions because they are unable to dissolve.
9.Can you give a memorable solution example? Salt water is a solution. The salt within it is soluble(it can dissolve in water.) Salt becomes the solute whilst water is the solvent.
10.Is there anything important about solutions to remember? When two liquids/gases form a solution, the substance that is more abundant will be the solvent.
11.What are alloys? They are solid solutions of metals and nonmetals dissolved in metals.
12.What are the five states of solutions? Gas in Gas Gas in Liquid Liquid in Liquid Solid in Liquid Solid in Solid
13.In the same order as the previous question (12), give examples of the five solution states? GG- dry air GL- soft drinks LL- antifreeze SL- salt water SS- brass
14.What is so interesting about solution particles? Solution Particles are very small. They cannot settle out, be filtered out, or scatter light.
15. What are the three ways to speed up dissolving solids in liquids? -Heating -Mixing -Crushing
Created by: doctorslasher
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