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Fantastic Friday
Elements of Fiction and other Literary Devices
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| theme | The truth or central idea a story reveals about life. |
| character | people or animals involved in a story |
| protagonist | central or main character in a story |
| antagonist | any force in a story that is in conflict with the protagonist |
| flat | character that is summed up in one or two traits |
| round | complex and many-sided character |
| stock | stereotype character; nature is familiar to us from prototypes in previous literature |
| static | same sort of person at the end of a story as he/she was at the beginning |
| dynamic | individual who during the story undergoes a permanent change in some aspect of the character's life or outlook |
| setting | the time and place in which the action of a story occurs |
| plot | the sequence of incidents or events of which a story is composed |
| exposition | Introduction of background information that is needed to understand the story properly; includes the protagonist, the antagonist, the basic conflict, the setting, and so forth. |
| conflict | a struggle between opposing forces or characters such as man vs. man - man vs. nature - man vs. self -man vs. society |
| rising action | the development in a story that precedes and leads up to a climax |
| climax | the turning point or high point in a plot |
| falling action | segment of the plot that comes between the climax and the conclusion |
| denouement | Another term used for conclusion or resolution portion of a plot that reveals the final outcome of its conflicts or the solution of its mysteries |
| point of view | the perspective from which a story is told |
| first person | story is told by one of its characters, using the first person(I, me) |
| third person limited omniscient | narrator tells the story, using the third person, but limits himself to a complete knowledge of one character in the story and tells us only what that one character thinks, feels, sees, or hears |
| third person omniscient | author tells the story, using the third person; he knows all and is free to tell us anything, including what the characters are thinking or feeling and why they act as they do |
| diction | an author's choice of words |
| connotation | a word's emotional content |
| denotation | a words' dictionary definition |
| imagery | a word or group of words in a literary work which appeal to one or more of the senses: sight, taste, touch, hearing, and smell |
| metaphor | figure of speech in which an implicit comparison is made between two things that are essentially unalike. Does not use "like" Or "as" |
| simile | figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two unlike things using words such as like, as, than, or seems |
| personification | figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, object, or concept |
| hyperbole | figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service o truth |
| allusion | a reference, explicit or implicit, to something in previous literature or history |
| irony | a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words. |
| Verbal Irony | is a figure of speech in which the intended meaning of a statement actually differs, and is often the opposite of what is said. |
| situational irony | occurs when what happens is the opposite of what we expected to happen |
| dramatic irony | We (reader or audience) know something a character doesn't know |
| tone | The attitude a writer/author takes towards the subject/character or reader. |
| mood | the overall feelings or atmosphere created by a work of literature |
| genre | A category of literature, such as fiction and non-fiction |
| Dialogue | A conversation amongst characters |
| Author's Style | The writer's distinctive style or manner of writing |
| Characterization | refers the step by step process wherein an author introduces and then describes a character. The character can be described directly by the author or indirectly through the actions, thoughts, and speech of the character. |
| Inference | A logical conclusion or guess that is made based on my prior knowledge and evidence from text, photo, or situation. |
| context clues | Hints or clues in a sentence or paragraph that helps you determine the meaning of an unknown word. |
| Figurative Language | language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. |
| symbolism | the representation of a concept through the use of symbols or underlying meanings of objects or ideas. |
| foreshadowing | hints or clues suggesting what may happens later in the story. |
| flashback | interrupting the plot of the story to recreate an incident of earlier time |
| suspense | the anxiety a reader feels about what may happen next in the story |
| cliffhanger | an ending to a section, chapter, or book that leaves the reader in suspense |
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