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First Civilizations

Vocabulary - First Civilizations

QuestionAnswer
A person who studies & writes about the past. Historian
A scientist who studies and learns about past human life by studying fossils and artifacts. Archaeologist
A weapon, tool, or other item made by humans. Artifact
The trace or imprint of a plant or animal that has been preserved in rock. Fossil
A scientist who studies the physical characteristics & cultures of humans and their ancestors. Anthropologist
A person or persons who normally moves from place to place. Nomads
Tools & methods used to help humans perform tasks. Technology
To tame animals and plants for human use Domesticate
The development of different kinds of jobs. Specialization
Method of bringing water to a field from another area to water the crops. Irrigation
Independent state made up of a city and the surrounding land and villages. City-state
A skilled craftsperson. Artisan
Sumerian system of writing made up of wedge-shaped markings. Cuneiform
A record keeper. Scribe
A group of territories or nations under a single ruler or government. Empire
River in southeastern Turkey and Iraq that merges with the Euphrates River. Tigris River
River in southwestern Asia that flows through Syria and Iraq and joins the Tigris River near the Persian Gulf. Euphrates River
Early center of civilization, in the area of modern Iraq and eastern Syria, between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Mesopotamia
Region in southern Mesopotamia; invented writing (cuneiform); developed many scientific and mathematical ideas and inventions still used today. Sumer
Once the world's largest and richest city, on the banks of the Euphrates River in northern Mesopotamia. Babylon
King of the Akkadians; conquered Mesopotamia in about 2340 B.C. and set up the world's first empire. Sargon
Ruled Babylon 1792-1750 B.C. and united Mesopotamia into one strong rule; wrote 282 laws used to govern the people of Babylon that were the first to cover all aspects of society ("eye for an eye"). Hammurabi
Terraced gardens built by Nebuchadnezzar for his wife; one of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World. Hanging Gardens
Led the Chaldeans in their rebellion against Assyria; built many important landmarks in Mesopotamia, including the Hanging Gardens. Nebuchadnezzar
A political district. Province
A group of traveling merchants and animals. Caravan
A person who studies stars, planets, and other heavenly bodies. Astronomer
Old Stone Age. 2,5000,000 B.C. to 8,000 B.C. Paleolithic
New Stone Age. 8,000 B.C. to 4,000 B.C. Neolithic
Extra; more than is needed. Surplus
Neolithic man whose body was discovered in 1991. He was discovered in the mountains near the border of Austria & Italy. Otzi the Iceman
A belief in many Gods. Polytheism
Created by: CONTIKI
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