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Chapter 2 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Pure substance | Simply a substance. |
Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. |
Atom | The smallest particle of an element. |
Compound | A substance that is made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances. |
Heterogeneous mixture | The parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another. |
Homogeneous mixture | The substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another. |
Solution | When substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture. |
Suspension | A heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time. |
Collid | Contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension. |
Physical property | Any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material. |
Viscosity | The tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing, the resistance to flowing |
Condusctivity | A material's ability to allow heat to flow. |
Malleability | The ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering. |
Melting point | The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid. |
Boiling point | The temperature at which a substance boils. |
Filtration | A process that separates materials based on the sizeof their particles. |
Distillation | A process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points. |
Physical change | Occurs when some of the properties of a material change, but the substances in the material remain the same. |
Chemical property | Any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter. |
Flammability | A material's ability to burn in the presence of oxygen. |
Reactivity | The property that describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances. |
Chemical change | Occurs when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances. |
Precipitate | Any solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture. |