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Burris Elements
Burris Honors Science Chapter 4 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a physical combination of 2 or more substances or elements? | Mixture |
| What physical means of separation involves boiling and then condensing? | Distillation |
| What is the physical separation of colors called that we used to separate the black ink in a marker? | Chromatography |
| What physical means of separation did we use to separate the iron from the sulfur in the lab? | Magnetism |
| Name 4 ways of physically separating a mixture? | Filtration, magnetism, by hand (size, density, chromatography, distillation, etc |
| What word describes a mixture that looks the same throughout? | Homogeneous |
| What word describes a mixture that does not look the same throughout? | Heterogeneous |
| Is granite homogeneous or heterogeneous? | Heterogeneous |
| Would sugar water be homogeneous or heterogeneous? | Homogeneous |
| What are the 2 parts to a solution? | Solute and solvent |
| When making Kool-Aid, what is the solvent? | Water |
| When making chocolate milk, what is the solute? | Chocolate |
| What is the universal solvent? | Water |
| In seltzer water, what is the solute? solvent? | Solute are carbon dioxide molecules and the solvent is water. |
| Colloids scatter light. This is known as the _____ effect. | Tyndall |
| What type of a mixture has the smallest solute particles? | Solution |
| What type of mixture has the largest solute particles? | Suspension |
| What type of mixture has intermediate size solute particles? | Colloid |
| If two substances will dissolve in each other, we say they are _________. | Soluble |
| If two substances will not dissolve in each other, we say they are ____. | Insoluble |
| Two insoluble substances may be temporarily combined using a(n) ______. | Emulsifier or emulsifying agent |
| Solutions consisting of metals are called _________. | Alloys |
| Name 3 alloys | Brass, gold jewelry, stainless steel, sterling silver, bronze, pewter, etc. |
| Name 3 factors which affect solubility. | Temperature, stirring (agitation), solute size, pressure, etc. |
| What is the general rule of thumb concerning temperature and solubility? What is the exception? | Generally, the higher the temperature, the faster the rate of solubility. The exception is for a gaseous solute. The higher the temperature, the less the solubility. Ex--trout are in cold streams because there is more oxygen there. |
| When particles are all alike in a substance, the substance is said to be ___________. | Pure |
| What are the simplest pure substances? | Elements |
| What is the building block of matter? | Atom |
| What is the smallest unit of an element with properties of that element? | Atom |
| What is the shorthand way of writing an element? | Symbol |
| Odd symbols often come from what language? | Latin |
| What is the symbol for silver | Ag |
| What is the symbol for tungsten? | W |
| What is the element with the symbol Tl? | Thallium |
| What is the element with the symbol Zr? | Zirconium |
| What is a shorthand way of writing a compound? | Chemical formula |
| What is formed from two or more elements chemically combined? | Compound |
| What is the simplest unit of a compound with properties of the compound? | Molecule |
| What are the numbers in a chemical formula written to the lower right of the symbols? | Subscript |
| How is the arrow in a chemical equation read? | Yields |
| What are the substances written to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation? | Products |
| What is the symbol for radon? | Rn |
| What is the symbol for rubidium? | Rb |
| What is the element name for Mn? | Manganese |
| A chemical equation can be balanced by placing the appropriate number in front of a chemical formula. This is called a(n) ___. | Coefficient |
| How many atoms of hydrogen are present in 8 molecules of water? | 16 |
| How many atoms of oxygen are present in 10 molecules of water? | 10 |
| What metric prefix means 1000? | kilo- |
| What piece of lab equipment measures mass? | Triple beam balance or balance |
| What two elements make up table salt? | Sodium and chlorine |
| What element has the symbol Hg? | Mercury |
| What are building blocks of matter called? | Atoms |
| What is makes up the solution called antifreeze? Why is it used? | Alcohol (or ethylene glycol) dissolved in water. The added alcohol makes the mixture have a freezing point well below that of plain water. |
| Of the three types of mixtures (solutions, suspensions, and colloids), which one(s) will settle out? | Only a suspension will settle out or separate |
| Give three examples of a colloid. | Milk, whipped cream, toothpaste, fog, suntan lotion, smoke, paint, butter, etc. |
| What term referrs to a solution that can not hold any more solute? | Saturated |
| How can a saturated solution be made super saturated? | Increase the temperature so it can hold even more solute. |
| What two things does a chemical formula tell about the compound? | The elements present and the number of atoms of each element present |
| How could you separate sugar water? | Through filter paper or let the water evaporate leaving behind the salt |
| True or false. A compound can not be pure. | False. For example, water is a compound. If only water is present, then it is said to be pure. |
| What is the symbol for potassium? | K |
| What four elements make up 90% of the human body? | C, H, N, and O |
| What word meant "to group" in Section 4.1? | Classify |
| Identify each as homogeneous or heterogeneous"a. taco b. Italian salad dressingc. salt water d. milk | a & b. heterogeneousc & d. homogeneous |
| Give two specific properties of sulfur that could help you identify it. | Yellow color, rotten egg smell, non-magnetic |
| What is the scientific name for vinegar? | Acetic acid |
| What metric prefix means 1/1000? | Milli- |
| How many oxygen atoms are present in 7 molecules of carbon dioxide? | 14 |
| What piece of lab equipment did we use to measure the time it took for the sugars to dissolve in water? | Stopwatch |
| What 2 metals make up brass? | Copper and zinc |
| What element has the symbol Pt? | Platinum |
| What element has the symbol Pb? | Lead |
| What element has the symbol Sn? | Tin |
| What is the difference between Co and CO? | Co is an element by the name of cobalt. CO is a compound called carbon monoxide made from the chemical combination of 1 carbon atom and 1 oxygen atom. |
| What does the metric prefix deka- mean? | 10 |
| What does the metric prefix centi- mean? | 1/100 or 0.01 |
| Which of the three main branches of science deals with chemistry of matter? | Physical science |
Created by:
lburris
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