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Chapter 2 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
pure substance | matter that always has exactly the same composition;an element or compound. |
element | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substance. |
atom | the smallest particle of an element |
compound | a substance that is made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances |
heterogeneous mixture | a type of mixture in which the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another |
homogeneous mixture | a typer of mixture in which the substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another. |
solution | a mixture that forms when substances dissolve and form homogeneous |
suspension | a heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time |
colloid | a mixture that contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension |
physical property | any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material |
viscosity | the speed and direction an object is moving, measured relative to a reference point |
conductivity | a material's ability to allow heat or electric charges to flow |
malleability | the ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering |
melting point | the temperature at which a substances changes from solid to liquid |
boiling point | the temperature at which a substance boils; the temperature at which vapor pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure |
filtration | a process that separates materials based on the size of their particles |
distillation | a process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points. |
physical change | a change that occurs when some properties of a material, but the substances in the material stay the same |
chemical property | any property that produces a change in the composition of matter |
flammability | a material's ability to burn in the presences of oxygen |
reactivity | the property that describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances |
chemical change | change that occurs when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances |