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Chapter 2 Vocabulary
Lessons 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pure substance | simply a substanace |
| element | a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| atom | the smallest particle of an element |
| compound | substance made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances |
| heterogeneous mixture | the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another |
| homogeneous mixture | the substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another |
| solution | substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture |
| suspension | heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time |
| colloid | contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension |
| physical property | any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material |
| viscosity | a liquids resistance to flowing |
| conductivity | a materials ability to allow heat to flow |
| malleability | ability or a solid to be hammered without shattering |
| melting point | the temperature from which a solid changes into a liquid, 0 degrees Celsius |
| boiling point | the temperature at which a substance starts to boil, 100 degrees Celsius |
| filtration | process that separates materials based on the size of their particles |
| distillation | process that separates the substance in a solution based on the boiling point |
| physical change | occurs when some of the properties of a material change, but the substances in the material remain the same |
| chemical property | any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter |
| flammability | a materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen |
| reactivity | property that describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances |
| chemical change | occurs when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances |
| precipitate | any solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture |