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Chapter 1
reading reflection
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what theme or themes are exemplified by (a) the sharp spines of porcupine b the cloning of a plant from a single cell and c a hummingbird using sugar to power flight | structure and function, cells are an organisms basic unit of life, and continuity of life is based on heritable info, |
| give an example of each theme | Emergent: The heart needs intact pieces to pump blood because other pieces alone will not fulfill it Environmental interactions: a mouse eaten by a predator, Energy transfer: grass turns sun energy into fuel, Structure function: wolf teeth eat prey, |
| continued | cellular basis of life: chemicals allows for digestion made by different cells in digestive tract, Genetic basis of life: eye color based on inheritance, Feedback: full stomach sends feedback to brain to decrease appetite, Evolution: all plants have chlor |
| How is mailing address analogous to biology's hierarchical taxonomic system | like an adress, groups- subordinates to group- narrows down to certain structures of biology like adress can go state, city, zip code |
| explain why editing is an appropriate metaphor for how natural selection acts on a poplulations heritable variation | it is edited because better suited traits survive and reproduce |
| what if fungi and animals are more closely related to each other than either kingdoms is to plants? | they were probably closer related in past species |
| contrast inductive reasoning with deductive reasoning? | inductive reasoning gets generalizations from specifics, deductive predicts specific based on general premises |
| in the snake mimicry experiment, what is the variable? | color of snake |
| why is natural selection a theory | it is more broad than a hypothesis and applies to all kind of organisms with a lot of background |
| suppose you extended the snake mimicry experiment to an area of Virginia where neither type of snake is known to live there? predict results | it would probably be attacked more due to it's bright colors and less organisms would fear it |
| how does science differ from technology? | science wants to understand natural phenomena while technology involves application of scientific discoveries for a particular purpose to solve a problem |
| higher percentage of residents of africa than u.s africans have sickle cell gene and the gene may protect from malaria. Why in evolutionary terms do you believe this happens | natural selection. those with sickle cell may have desired genes to survive in Africa because of malaria while in America this advantage is not seen |
| why is evolution considered the core theme of biology? | evolution explains the most fundamental aspects of all life on earth. it accounts for the common features shared by all forms of life due to descent from a common ancestor. while also providing an explanation for how the great diversity has arisen |
| how could natural selection have led to the evolution of adaptations such as thick, water conserving leaves of the mother of pearl plant on cover of this book? | plants that could conserve water better could have did a better job surviving and this would lead to my reproduction of this plant and over time others would die off |
| what are the roles of inductive and deductive *reasoning in the process of scientific inquiry* | inductive allows for hypothesis formation while deductive leads to predictions that are used to beat hypothesis* |
| Explain why different approaches and diverse backgrounds among scientists are important | more is learned because of different ideas that innovations can rise where culture can coexist |
| all organisms on campus make up? | community |
| what is the correct sequence of levels in life's hierarchy proceeding down from an individual animal | nervous system, brain, nervous tissue, cell, organ |
| what was not obeserved by darwins theory natural selection | poorly adapted individuals never reproduce |
| system biology is mainly an attempt to | understand the behavior of entire biological systems |
| protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because | protists have a membrane bound nucleus, which bacterial cells lack |
| what best demonstrates the unity among all organisms | the structure/ function of dna |
| a controlled experiment is one that | tests experimental and control groups in parallel |
| statement distinguishing hypotheses from theories | hypotheses are narrower in scope, theories have broad explanatory powers |
| example of qualitative data | fish swam zigzag |
| best describe logic of scientific inquiry | if hypothesis is correct, expect certain test results |
Created by:
kward66666