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PT201
CH 1 Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology | the study of how drugs work inside the body for their intended purposes |
| physiology | the study of normal body function |
| pathophysiology | the study of abnormal body processes or disease |
| pharmaceutics | the study of how drugs are introduced to the body |
| pharmacokinetics | the study of how drugs are absorbed into the bloodstream (absorption), circulated to tissues throughout the body (distribution), inactivated (metabolized), and eliminated from the bloodstream over time (metabolism and excretion |
| pharmacodynamics | the study of drugs and their receptors on the molecular level |
| pharmacotherapeutics | the study of how drugs are used in clinical practice for individual patients |
| Generic Drug Name | the name given to a drug after its patent is approved, but before phase I clinical trials begin; usually the drug's name is somehow similar to others in the same class which exert the same activity |
| Brand Name | the name given to a drug when it enters the market after phase III clinical trials; the name for which the manufacturer receives copyright/trademark rights and under which it markets the drug |
| Major Drug Classes | a category of drugs grouped according to their mechanism of action |
| Therapeutic Classes | individual drug classes lumped together according to their therapeutic use (for a specific condition/disease or on a particular body system) |
| ISMP (Institute for Safe Medication Practices) | a nonprofit organization that educates the healthcare community and consumers about safe medication practices |
| Legend Drugs | a medication that is available only by prescription (see also prescription drug) |
| OTC Medications | a medication that can be bought and used without a prescription |
| Controlled Substances | medication that has potential for abuse and dependence |
| Teratogenic | drugs that can cause birth defects or malformations in a developing fetus |
| Medication Errors | an event in which a patient is harmed (or potentially harmed) by a medication in some way that could have been prevented |
| Dosage Form | formulation by which a drug is delivered to the body |
| Systemic Effect | the effect created when a drug must enter the bloodstream to reach its site of action |
| Routes Of Administration | refers to the site in or on the body at which a drug is administered |
| Oral | administering a drug by mouth (see also peroral) |
| Parenteral Routes | a route of administration in which a drug is injected |
| IM | a route of administration in which a drug is injected directly into a muscle |
| IV | a route of administration in which a drug is injected directly into a vein |
| SQ or SC | a route of administration in which a drug is injected into the fatty tissue under the dermal layer of the skin and above the muscular tissue |
| IT and Epidural | a route of administration in which a drug is injected between vertabrae in the spinal column |
| ID | a route of administration in which a drug is injected just underneath the top layer of the skin (epidermis) |
| Rectal | a route of administration in which a drug is inserted into the rectum and allowed to melt or dissolve in place |
| Transdermal | a route of administration in which a drug delivery system is applied to the skin so that the drug can be slowly absorbed through the skin over time |
| Implant | a device inserted just below the skin to release a drug slowly over a long period of time (months to years) |
| Topical | a route of administration used for drug that are not intended to be systemically absorbed; usually administered to the skin, lung tissue, eyes, or vagina |
| Dermal | a route of administration in which a drug is applied topically to the skin |
| Inhalation | a route of administration in which a drug is delivered to the lungs by breathing it in through the mouth |
| Intranasal | a route of administration in which a drug is sprayed into the nose |
| Opthalmic | a route of administration in which a drug is delivered topically to the eye |
| Otic | a route of administration in which a drug is delivered into the external ear canal |
| Vaginal | a route of administration in which a drug is delivered by inserting and applying medication into the vagina |
Created by:
cici008
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