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1st set
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| General anesthetics | are given as inhaled or intravenous agents |
| General anesthetics | they cause Loss of Conciousness |
| Local Anesthetics | are injected to block Nerve conduction |
| Local anesthetics | they cause Loss of Sensation |
| 4 stages of general anesthesia | Analgesia, Excitement, Surgical Anesthesia, Medullary Paralysis |
| Anesthesia Induction | Depends on how fast anesthesia reaches CNS |
| Anesthesia Recovery | Depends on how slow Anesthesia is Removed from CNS |
| Inhaled agents are | Halothane, Enflurane, Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, Nitrous Oxide. (HE SIN ) |
| Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC) | the higher the MAC, the higher the concentration needed for Anesthesia. High MAC, Low Potency |
| Halothane | It has Pleasant odor, it decreases heart rate and cardiac output. its used in pediatrics. when toxic can cause halothane hepatitis and its seen with malignant hyperthermia |
| Malignant Hyperthermia | Fatal reaction to any inhaled Anesthetics which lead to hyperthermia. Dantrolene is its Treatment |
| Enflurane | Enflurane isn't used in patients with kidney failure, there's Seizure disorder, there's increased Inter-cranial Hypertension |
| Isoflurane | there's Decreased Inter-cranial Pressure, it maintains CO and Coronary function |
| Nitrous Oxide | Odorless, No muscle relaxation, Incomplete Anesthesia, Must be combined with something else. |
| Intravenous Agents | Non opioid that controls Mild - Moderate Pain. Opioid that controls Senses to pain |
| Intravenous Agents | Thiopentone, Ketamine, Fentanyl, Propofol, Etomidate |
| Thiopentone (Non opioid) | Used for the brain, Decrease brain blood flow, used in short surgical procedures, causes laryngospasm |
| Ketamine (Non opioid) | Dissociative Anesthesia, Cardiovascular stimulant, Increases Brain blood flow, Used during war for treatment, used in emergency surgeries. |
| Fentanyl (opioid) | Used in Cardiac surgery, can causes respiratory problems. can causes muscle problems. |
| Propofol (Non opioid) | used for short surgery, Micheal jackson used it, its immediately used by liver and excreted through Urine |
| Etomidate (Non opioid) | causes after operation Nausea and vomiting, Lower plasma levels, Lowers cortisol Levels |
| Local Anesthetics | they are known for their Ester Bond or Amide Bond . they also block Na+ channels. |
| Ester Bond Anesthetics | Cocaine, Benzocaine, Procaine, Tetracaine |
| Amide Bond anesthetics | Lidocaine, Mepivacaine, Bupivacaine, Prilocaine |
| Antipsychotic Drugs block | Cholinergic Receptors, Adrenergic Receptors, Muscarinic Receptors, Histamine Receptors, Dopamine Receptors |
| Schizophrenia | Brain disorder that runs in families . it shows in Late teen years and Early adult years |
| Schizophrenia Positive signs are | Delusion, Hallucination, Loose association, Fragmented thoughts |
| Schizophrenia Negative signs are | Introversion, low self esteem |
| Schizophrenia cognitive (applying knowledge) signs are | Poor memory, attention deficit disorder |
| Schizophrenia affective (mood,feelings) signs are | Depression, Elation, Suicidal thoughts |
| Metabolism / Administration of Antipsychotics occur by | Cytochrome p450 in the Liver |
| Traditional Antipsychotics classes are | Phenothiazines, Butyrophenones, Dibenzoxazepines, Thioxanthines, Benzisoxazoles. they work on positive symptoms of schizophrenia, their side effect are Extrapyramidal, Anticholinergic and Phenothiazines can cause Failure to Ejaculate |
| Phenothiazines | ChlorPromazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Perphenazine |
| Chlorpromazine | for Hiccups |
| Thioridazine | Pigmentary Retinopathy, Cardiac Arrhythmias |
Created by:
slinger101
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