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Study Guide - Term 2
Answers to the questions on study guide test.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What has been lost because of the pressures placed on the land by changing land use? | forests and woodlands |
| What is land degradation? | the wearing away of the Earth’s surface by the forces of nature or human activity |
| Name 3 things that have caused the most degradation of the Australian landscape? | rainfall and temperature, overstocking cattle in dry areas, feral herbivores |
| Name 6 types of land degradation | wind and water erosion, salinity, irrigation salting, soil structure decline, weed invasion, stream erosion |
| What is land cover and what does it include? | refers to the physical state of the land surface. Vegetation, soil, rocks, water and human made structures |
| Name 4 activities that cause the most problems to land cover in Australia | mining, commercial forestry, urban growth, feral animals |
| What food products impose the greatest pressure on rural land in Australia as their demand increases? | wheat, rice, beef, lamb and vegetables |
| Name 2 agricultural processes that have replaced natural vegetation with plants that yield products either directly (rice, wheat, sugar cane) or indirectly (beef or wool) | this process occurs either through direct clearing and the replacement of the native vegetation with crops, or through the gradual deconstruction of much of the native vegetation by overgrazing |
| What are the 2 biggest degraders of Australian soil? | soil salting, pastoralism |
| What agricultural procedure causes the water table to rise quickly and cause soil salination? | soil salting |
| How have hoofed animals caused land degradation? | they cut up the ground and consequently cause soil erosion |
| Since 1788 what percentage of forests have been cleared in Australia? | 40% |
| The murray- darling basin is one of the most productive agricultural regions and had approximately 20-23 billion trees when first settlers arrived. What is the estimate of the number of trees today? | 8 Billion |
| What are 3 consequences of the clearing of land in the murray- darling basin? | land became vulnerable to dryland salting, rising water tables, waterlogging and salination. Degradation of land and water resources and changes In water cycle |
| Which 5 introduced animals have caused hundreds of millions of dollars worth of damage to the Australian landscape? | camels, donkeys, goats, buffaloes and rabbits |
Created by:
Piko
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