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Patho
NPTE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What blood glucose level indicates hyperglycemia? | >180-200 |
| what are the Sx of hyperglycemia | increased thirst and urination dyspnea, fruity breath, dry mouth, LOC *can progress to ketoacidosis* |
| Recommended blood glucose levels prior to a meal | 70-130mg/dl |
| Recommended blood glucose levels after a meal | <180 |
| T score representing osteopenia | Less than -1 but still above -2.5 |
| T score representing osteoporosis | anything lower than -2.5 |
| Osteomalacia pathology and sx | soft bones secondary to Ca or phospohorus deficiency Sx: vague ache, bowing of legs |
| Paiget's disease is a decrease/increase in osteoblasts/osteoclasts activity | increase in Osteoclasts = bone resorption bones will appear larger but they are very weak |
| Osteoporosis is a decreased a decrease/increase in osteoblasts/osteoclasts activity | decrease in osteoblasts |
| Addison's - cause and symptoms | Adrenal deficiency = decreased cortisol and decreased aldosterone Sx: Hypotension, weak, weight loss |
| Cushing's - cause and sypmtoms | Hyper adrenal - increased cortisol and ACTH Sx: hyperglycemia, moon face, HTN, decreased memory |
| What position is best for a high risk pregnant patient | L sidelying - reduces pressed on IVC |
| Levels that indicate hypoglycemia and what are the Sx | <70 sx: dizzy, hunger, h/a - give juice |
| What is Grave's disease and who is affected most? | Hyperthyroid autoimmune disease Women at a higher risk |
| Normal HDL | > 60mg/dL |
| Abnormal fasting glucose | > 110 |
| What is normal GFR and what does it measure | filtration rate of kidneys - measures function normal > 90 |
| Stages of Kidney disease | GFR 60-89: mild GFR 30-59: moderate GFR 15-29: severe Failure < 15 |
| Symptoms of Metabolic Alkylosis | muscle fasiculations, cramping, hypoventilation |
| Symptoms of Metabolic Acidosis | hyperventilation, arrythmias |
| Hypopituitary symptoms | dwarf, diabetes, no puberty |
| Hyperpiuitary symptoms | acromegaly - giantism |
| PT concers with Cushing's disease | Monitor Sx of increased ICP, orthostatic *Report sleep disturbances to MD delayed healing osteoporosis |
| Symptoms of Hypothyroidism | fatigue, weight gain, decreased HR, cold insensitivity, constipation, decreased mental status |
| Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism | nervous, weight loss, increased BP, exophthalmos, enlarged thyroid, heat insensitivity *decreased exercise tolerance |
| Are arrythmias and tachycardia more common with hyperthyroid or hypo? | hyper |
| Hypoparathyroid symptoms and causes | hypocalcemia = seizures, decreased cognition tetany mm spasms & cramping, ECG changes, hypotension *life threatening* |
| Hyperparathyroid symptoms and causes | renal stones and kidney damage - hypercalcemia Sx: mm wasting, bone deformities and myopathy fatigue, N/V |
| Normal monofilament testing | 2.5-3 |
| light touch monofilament testing | 3-5 |
| Protective sensation monofilament testing | 5.07 |
Created by:
leaderjenna
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