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Biological Approach

Key vocab

TermDefinition
Neurone Nerve cell that sends communication using neurotransmitters
Dendrites Branch-like structures of a neurone that receive signals from other neurons
Axon Long shaft of a neurone down which the electric impulse travels
Synapse Space between two connecting neurons
Vesicles Spherical sacs containing neurotransmitters.
Glia (Glial) Cells ’support cells’ in the nervous system some of which produce the myelin
Neutrotransmitters Chemical messengers specialised for communication and released at the synapse.
Myelin Sheath Glial cell-wrappers around axons that act as insulators of the neuron's signal.
Receptors Locations that uniquely recognize a neurotransmitter.
Central Nervous System Part of the nervous system containing the brain and spinal cord.
Corpus Collosum Large band of fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.
Reflex An automatic motor response to a sensory stimulus like muscle stretch.
Limbic System Emotional centre of the brain that also plays roles in smell, motivation, and memory.
Hypothalamus Part of the brain responsible regulating body temperature for example.
Amygdala Part of the limbic system that plays key roles in fear, excitement, and arousal.
Hippocampus Part of the brain that plays a role in short term memory.
Hormones chemicals that travel through the blood and affect behaviour.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Technique that uses magnetic fields to indirectly visualize brain structure.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging technique that measures uptake of glucose-like molecules to show a moving image of brain activity.
Lateralization Cognitive function that relies more on one side of the brain that the other.
Chromosomes Slender threads inside a cell's nucleus that carry genes.
Genes Genetic material, composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Genotype Our genetic makeup.
Phenotype The result of our genes interacting with our environment; our observable traits.
Created by: Jgilbertlpa
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