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psychology un3 ch10

strengths and limitations of theories of forgetting

TermDefinition
Decay theory The theory that memory traces (biological changes) will weaken and disappear if not revisited (LTM). This also applies to sensory memory - decay occurs rapidly and in STM if maintenance rehearsal does not occur.
Forgetting The inability to retrieve information; may refer to short-term or long-term memory.
Forgetting curve A graph showing loss of memory over time.
Interference Difficulties in retrieving information from memory, caused by other material learned either previously (pro-active interference) or subsequently (retro-active interference).
Interference theory A theory of forgetting where one memory is interfered with by another memory.
Motivated forgetting (suppression and repression) occurs when a person has a reason to forget.
Proactive interference When previously learnt material inhibits our ability to encode and store new material.
Repression A psychological process which automatically and unconsciously prevents emotionally distressing memories from coming into our conscious awareness.
Retrieval failure theory Inability to retrieve material due to an absence of the right cues or a failure to use them.
Retroactive interference When newly acquired material inhibits our ability to retrieve previously learned material.
Suppression (motivated forgetting) conscious refusal to allow memories to occur.
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon The feeling that something we know is just not available to be recalled from memory. An indication that some forgetting is due to retrieval failure.
Created by: lydiamcc
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