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Research Vocab
Key terms & definitions in research methods
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Experiment | This research method tells you if there is a causal relationship between variables |
| Scattergraph | This graph allows you to assess the strength of correlations |
| Observation | This research method involves watching and recording behaviour |
| Closed | These questions require P’s to choose from a number of predetermined responses |
| Independent Measures Design | Where different participants take part in each condition |
| Independent Variable | In an experiment, this is the variable that is manipulated by the experimenter |
| Overt | If a study is conducted in this way the P’s know they are taking part |
| Field | This refers to research carried out in the P’s natural environment |
| Random Sampling | Which this technique each member of the target population has an equal chance of being chosen for the sample |
| Demand Characteristics | These are cues about the study that may convey (show) your aim to the P’s |
| Correlation | This shows you how strongly two variables are related |
| Ecological Validity | If your study is done in an unnatural environment it is likely to lack this |
| Structured | In this sort of interview the questions are predetermined |
| Covert | In this type of study the P’s are unaware that a study is taking place |
| Reliability | This relates to consistent measurement – you can repeat and find the same results |
| Opportunity Sampling | This involves using whichever P’s are available at the time |
| Interview | This research method involves asking questions to P’s |
| Researcher Bias | This can happen when a researcher lacks objectivity |
| Validity | This relates to accurate measurement, whether your study measures what it claims to measure |
| Open | These questions allow P’s to respond however they want |
| Laboratory | This is a specifically designed, controlled environment for conducting research in |
| Extraneous Variable | A variable that will have an effect on the dependent variable unless it is controlled |
| Quantitative | This type of data comes in the form of numbers |
| Representative | This is a feature of a good sample |
| Dependent Variable | In an experiment, this is the variable measured by the experimenter |
| Matched Pairs | Design in which you match P’s on specific characteristics e.g. gender, age, IQ |
| Central tendency | This type of statistic tells you a typical value from a data set |
| Repeated Measures | Design where participants take part in all experimental conditions |
| Dispersion | This type of statistics tells you how spread out the data are |
| Qualitative | This is non-numerical data |
| Experimental / Alternative Hypothesis | This is a prediction of the expected outcome of the study |
| Questionnaire | This research method asks P’s to respond to questions in writing |
| Hypothesis | A specific, testable statement |
| Operationalised | a clearly defined variable with a clear statement of how it will be measured. |
| Two-tailed | This kind of hypothesis will only predict a difference rather than the direction of the difference. |
| Aim | The purpose of a piece of research |
| Demand characteristics | This is when a participant behaves/responds in a way that they think the experimenter wants them to. |
Created by:
Jgilbertlpa
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