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Pharm
Module 3
| Generic Name | Trade Name | Class | Therapeutic Uses | Side Effects | Nursing Implications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rivastigmine | Exelon | Cholinesterase Inhibitor- irreversible | Mild to Severe Alzheimer's | Cholinergic Side effects: Nausea, Vomiting | NONE |
| MEMANtine | NAMENda | NMDA receptor antagonist -mimics glutamate=excitatory | Mod. to Severe Alzheimer's | NONE 7%-Dizziness | Watch pts with renal problems. |
| aRICEpt (RICE DONE) | DONEpezil | Cholinesterase Inhibitor- reversible | Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's | Nausea | NONE |
| Phenytoin | Dilantin | AED- Na+ Inhibition to active state | Epilepsy, heart dysrhythmias | GINGIVAL HYPERLASIA! Nystagmus-cyclical eye mvmnt. | Tell pts: Take w/ food, take as Rxed, Sedation can occur, teach dental health. |
| Carbamazepine | Tegretol | AED- Na+ inhibition to active state | Epilepsy, Bipolar Disorder, Trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgias | Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, Birth defects, headache, visual problems. | Tell pts: NO GRAPEFRUIT JUICE!!! Take w/ food, discuss symptoms of hematological abnormalities. |
| Valproic Acid | Depakote, Depakene, Depacon | AED | Seizure Disorders, Bipolar, Migraines | GI upset, Hepatotoxicity, Pancreatitis, Teratogenesis | Tell pts: Take with food, educate on symptoms of liver injury, Folic acid for pregnant women |
| Phenobarbital | NONE | AED - Barbituate | Epilepsy-Partial & Tonic-Clonic seizures, Sedation | Drowsiness, Physical Dependence | Warn pts of sedative effects and poss. birth defects. |
| Diazepam | Valium | Benzodiazapine-Skeletal Muscle Relaxant (Acts by enhancing GABA), Antianxiety | Spasticity, STATUS ELIPTICUS!!!! | Sedation | |
| Baclofen | Lioresal | Mimics GABA on spinal neurons | Spasticity due to MS or spinal cord lesions | No Serious ones. | Obtain LFTs. Warn pts about depressant/sedative effects. |
| DANTrolene | DANTrium | Skeletal Muscle Relaxant (Acts directly on smooth muscle) | SPASTICITY assoc. w/ MS, Cerebral Palsy, Spinal Cord Injury. MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA | Hepatic Toxicity | Obtain LFTs. Warn pts about depressant/sedative effects |
| Levetiracetam | Keppra | AED | Epilepsy | ||
| Benztropine (think aTROPINE,which is a???) | Cogentin (Cog-Cognition-declines w/ disease this txs) | Anticholinergic agent- blocks mus. receptors in striatum | Parkinson's | ||
| Anti-Eplieptic Drugs | AED | AED | Minimize seizures | CNS Depression, Withdrawal seizures from abrupt Rx Stop, Suicidal Thoughts | Teach pt to maintain seizure info chart, carry form of ID, Avoid driving, NEVER stop meds, take folic acid (if pregnant), avoid alcohol. |
| Lorazepam | Ativan | ||||
| Pregabalin | Lyrica | Fibromyalgia, Post-herpatic neuralgia | |||
| Gabapentin (GABA=inhibitory=used for?!) | Neurontin | Seisures, post-herpatic neuralgia, peripheral neuropathy pain | |||
| TOPiramate | TOPamax | ||||
| Alzheimer's Drugs | Exelon Namenda Donepezil | ||||
| Epilepsy Drugs | Dilantin Tegretol Depakote Phenobarbital Keppra Gabapentin | Status Elipticus Drug | Valium (Diazepam) | ||
| Spaticity Drugs | Valium Lioresal Dantrium | ||||
| Parkinson Drugs | Cogentin Dopar Sinemet/Paracopa MiraPEX | ||||
| Levodopa | Dopar | Promotes dopamine syn. | Parkinson's | Nausea, vomiting, Dyskinesias, dysrhythmias,Orthostatic hypotension, Psychosis. | Drug Holidays Recommended. Take w/ food to decrease nausea and vomiting. High-protein meals should be avoided!! |
| Carbidopa (Combo w/ Levodopa) | Sinemet Paracopa | Inhibits breakdown of Levadopa in the periphery= higher [] to the brain. | Parkinson's | NONE | Same as Levadopa. |
| PramiPEXole | MiraPEX | Dopamine Agonist | Parkinson's, RLS-Restless Leg syndrome | Nausea, vomiting, Orthostatic Hypotension, Dyskinesias, Hallucinations, Compulsive behaviors. | Inform pts about: taking Rx w/ food, Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, Possibily of a sleep attack, and hallucinations. |