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vertebral column
merrills ch 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which two vertebral curvatures are anteriorly concave? | |
| which two vertebral curves are kyphotic curves? | |
| which two vertebral curves are primary curves? | |
| which spinal condition involves an excessive dorsal curvature of the thoracic vertebral column? | |
| which abnormal spinal condition involves any lateral curvature of the vertebral column? | |
| what is the name of the short, thick bony process that project posteriorly from the lateral and superior aspects of vertebral bodies of typical vertebrae | |
| from the junction of which two vertebral structures do transverse processes originate in typical vertebrae? | |
| which vertebral structures unite at the origin of the spinous process of a typical vertebra? | |
| which structures of a typical vertebra are the zygapophyses? | |
| on which structure is the dens located? | |
| which structure is known as the "atlas'? | |
| which structure is known as the "axis"? | |
| on which structure is the dens located? | |
| which cervical vertebral structures are perforated with a foramen for the passage of the vertebral artery and vein? | |
| which vertebral structures have bifid tips? | |
| with reference to the midsaggital plane, how do zygapophyseal joints open in cervical vertebrae? | |
| with reference to the midsaggital plane, how do zygapophyseal joints open in thoracic vertebrae? | |
| thoracic vertebrae differ from cervical anhd lumbar vertebrae because thoracic vertebrae have: | |
| which structures articulate with vertebral demifacets? | |
| with reference to the midsaggital plane, how do zygapophyseal joints open in lumbar vertebrae? | |
| lumbar vertebrae differ from cervical and thoracic vertebrae because lumbar vertebrae have: | |
| which part of the sacrum form the joints with the ilia of the pelvis? | |
| the AP projection that demonstrates the dens using the Fuchs method differs from the AP projection (open mouth) because the Fuchs method: | |
| the radiographer should NOT use the Fuchs method to obtain an AP projection of the dens if the patient is: | |
| which projection of the cervical vertebrae demonstrates the dens imaged within the foramen magnum? | |
| which cervical structures are best demonstrated with the AP projection (open mouth) | |
| how should the central ray be directed for the AP projection (open mouth) | |
| how and where should the central ray be directed for the AP axial projection of the cervical vertebral column? | |
| how should the IR be positioned for the AP axial projection of the cervical vertebral column? | |
| for which projection of the cervical vertebrae should the central ray be angled 15-20 degrees cephalad? | |
| which evaluation criterion does not apply to the AP axial projection of the cervical vertebral column? | |
| which projection of the cervical vertebral column requires a 72' SID? | |
| which maneuver should be used to help obtain maximum depression of the shoulders in the lateral projection of the cervical vertebral column? | |
| what should be done so that the magnified shoulder farthest from the IR is projected below the lower cervical vertebrae for the lateral projection of the cervical vertebrae? | |
| what should be done to prevent mandibular rami from superimposing cervical vertebrae in the lateral projection of the cervical vertebral column? | |
| what should be done to reduce the magnification caused by the increase object to image distance in the lateral projection of the cervical vertebrae? | |
| what is the recommended size of the collimated field for the lateral projection of the cervical vertebrae? | |
| which projections of the cervical vertebrae demonstrates the spinous processes elevated and widely separated? | |
| which projection of the cervical vertebrae demonstrates the spinous processes depressed and in close approximation? | |
| which projection of the cervical vertebrae must be exposed with a horizontal and perpendicular central ray? | |
| how should the central ray be directed for an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical vertebral column? | |
| which projection of the cervical vertebral column best demonstrates the intervertebral foramina? | |
| which position of the cervical vertebral column best demonstrates the left intervertebral foramina when the central ray is angled 15 to 20 degrees cephalad? | |
| which position of the cervical vertebral column best demonstrates the right intervertebral foramina when the CR is angled 15-20 degrees caudad | |
| how many degrees from supine or the anatomic position should the entire body be rotated for the AP |
Created by:
jhill106
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