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Matter and Energy

Unit 3, Lesson 1 & 2

TermDefinition
Atom The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element.
Electron A subatomic particle that has a negative charge.
Nucleus In physical science, an atom's central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons.
Proton A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom.
Electron Cloud A region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found.
Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Mass Number The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Periodic Table An arrangement of the elements in order of the atomic numbers such that elements with similar properties fall in the same column or group.
Chemical Symbol A one-, two-, or three-letter abbreviation of the name of an element.
Average Atomic Mass The weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
Metal An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity.
Nonmetal An element that conducts heat and electricity poorly.
Metalloid An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Group A vertical column of elements in the periodic table.
Period In chemistry, a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
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