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Derm 2
more derm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What kind of insects bite? | mosquitos, fleas, bedbugs, chiggers |
| what do tick bites look like? | itchy papules that last about a week |
| what do spider bites look like? | small red welt that itches |
| what do scabie bites look like? | inflammation and intense itching, theyre contageous REFER |
| What are some common stinger insects? | yellow jackets, wasps, bees and hornets |
| what are two complications that may accompany stings? | secondary bacterial infection-dont scratch! and a hypersensitivity reaction like hives or swelling |
| Non drug treatment to bug bites and stings? | avoid scratching, remove stinger, apply ice in ten minute intervals |
| how do you prevent insect stings and bites | protective clothing and insect repellents |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: first line | if older than 12, topical anesthetics |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: second line | topical hydrocortisone |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: third line | topical antihistamines |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: fourth line | counterirritants (ammonium 3.5%) |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: fifth line | skin protectants |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: for children 2-12 | skin protectants |
| Pharm treatment for stings and bites: significant itching is occuring | systemic antihistamines |
| How do you avoid bug bites and stings? | wear covering clothing, avoid standing water and deep woods, keep pets pest free |
| insect repellants: whats first line? | deet, apply after sunscreen no more than 4-8 hours. wont protect against bees |
| insect repellants: whats second line? | picaridin, theres less odor, less irritation, less effect and more costly |
| insect repellants: whats third line? | permethrin .5% DONT use on skin EVER |
| what is the normal concentration for deet? | 50% |
| when its humid outside what concentration do you use? | 50-100% |
| what concentration of deet do you use on children? (2-12) | less than 30% |
| exclusions for self care of insect bites and stings? | history of hypersensitivity, under 2 years old, infected skin, puss discharge, scabies infection, failure to treat in 7 days |
| when to refer for stings and bites? | if condition worsens in 3 days |
| Non pharm treatment for lice | lice comb, wash clothes and bedding, vacuum, apropriate hygene |
| For pharm treatment what is first line | pediculocides |
| For pharm treatment what is 2nd line | dry suffocation products and tea tree and lavender oil |
| Pediculocides - RID: what type of lice | head and pubic |
| Pediculocides - RID: directions | apply, leave in for 10 mins, wash out, repeat in 7-10 days and dont apply more than 2x in a day |
| Pediculocides - NIX: what type of lice | head lice only |
| Pediculocides - NIX: directions | apply, leave in for 10 minutes, rinse, repeat nit comb, one time use unless active lice are seen |
| Tea tree and lavender oil: dosing | use once weekly for 3 weeks |
| exclusions for self care for lice | under 2, infected skin, suspected scabies infection, infestation of eyebrows or eyelids, pregnant or breastfeeding, failure to manage after two applications |
| Prevention of sunburns | avoid the sun, protective clothing, sunscreen |
| Sunscreen application: how long before exposure? | 15-30 minutes |
| Sunscreen application: how often do i reapply? | every 2 hours or immediately after swimming for non water resistant, or every 2 hours or 40-80 minutes after swimming or sweating |
| exclusions for self care of sunburns | under 6mo, sun stroke, immunocompromised patients, xeroderma, pigmentosa |
| Define an acute wound for sunburns | abrasions, punctures, lacerations, incisions, burns |
| define minor burns | thermal, electrical, chemical and UVR REFER ELECTRICAL AND CHEMICAL |
| non drug therapy for burn | remove offending agents and wound irrigation, wound dressings |
| what are some wound dressings | absorb moisture, antimicrobial, maintain moisture |
| Pharm therapy for burns: first line | oral analgesics (NSAIDS, ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin) acetaminophen if intolerance to NSAIDS |
| Pharm therapy for burns: second line | topical anesthetics |
| pharm therapy for burns: third line | skin protectants like calamine and zinc oxide |
| pharm therapy for burns: fourth line | aloe vera |
| Wound treatment - cleansing a wound: anticeptics - directions | apply as needed |
| Wound treatment - cleansing a wound: anticeptics - examples of these drugs | hydrogen peroxide, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, iodine, etc |
| Wound treatment - topical antibiotics: examples of this drug | bacitracin, neomycin, polymyxin B |
| Wound treatment - topical antibiotics: applacation | apply 1-3x/day not to large areas, if the wound is clean theres no need for this drug |
| exclusions for self care of minor wounds | under 2yo, sun stroke, systemic symptoms, infected skin, over 80yo, worsening symptoms after 3 days, no improvement after 7 days, animal or human bites, |
| tinea pedis - risks | public facilities, contact with infected area, foot trauma, socks/shoes |
| tinea pedis - presentation | cracking, scaling, odor, itching, stinging of feet between toes |
| Tinea cruris (jock itch) - risks | warm weather, occluding clothing, moist environment, poor hygene, not washing clothes |
| tinea cruris (jock itch) - presentation | upper inner part of thigh, clearly defined rash, elevated lesion of thick dry skin with red edges, seen on both legs |
| Tinea corporis (ring worm) - risks | day care, contact sports, gym, poor hygene |
| Tinea corporis (ring worm) - presentation | area of thick dry skin with red edges and clear in the middle |
| Tinea capitis (scalp ring worm) - risks | contacts like daycare or the gym |
| Tinea capitis (scalp ring worm) - presentation | itchy, may be painful, non inflammatory on dry skin, inflammatory on pustules and weeping lesions, black dot present hairloss, favus presents patchy hairloss |
| Tinea Unguinum: how to treat | needs prescription |
| non pharm treatment to Tinea symptoms | contact precautions, non occlusive clothing, avoid walking barefoot, wash clothing and skin, reduce moisture and occlusion |
| Pharm treatment for tinea symptoms: clotrimazol and miconazole dosing | apply twice daily |
| Pharm treatment for tinea symptoms: terbinafine dosing | twice daily |
| Pharm treatment for tinea symptoms: butenafine dosing | once daily but for pedis use twice daily for the first week |
| Pharm treatment for tinea symptoms: tolnaftate dosing | twice daily |
| Pharm treatment for tinea symptoms: undecyclenic acid dosing | twice daily |
| Pharm treatment for tinea pedis specific symptoms: aluminum dosing | weeping: soak 20 mins 3x/day or use wet dressing for a max of 1 week |
| Pharm treatment for tinea pedis specific symptoms: keratolytics dosing | thick skin: apply 3-4x/day before antifungal products |
| Duration of pharm treatment for tinea cruris | 2-4 weeks |
| Duration of pharm treatment for tinea pedis | 4 weeks |
| what do you apply if affected area is covered in thick skin? | keratolytic moisturizer |
| What do you apply if affected area is weeping? | astringents |
| exclusions for self care in fungal skin infetions | under 2 years old, infected skin, nail or scalp involvement, diabetes, refer if nothing works in 14 days, refer if worsening occurs in 7 days |
Created by:
carlypentland
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