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Derm 1
Dermatology 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is xerosis? | dry, rough skin, scaling, loss of skin flexibility, fissures, mild inflammation, mild irritation, pruritis. Can be found anywhere on the body |
| What is atopic dermatitis? | exaggurated skin reactivity |
| what does atopic dermatitis look like in children under 12? | intense itching, papules, vasicles or oozing on the face folds, chest or trunk |
| What does atopic dermatitis look like in adults? | thick patches of dry skin, usually systemic on the major joints, hands or flexor surfaces |
| What can atopic dermatitis look like at any age? | red itchy, dry skin, usually systemic |
| What can cause atopic dermatitis? | chemicals, high temperature or humidity, low humidity as well, and allergens |
| What is contact dermatitis (in general)? | inflammation, redness, itching, burning, stinging |
| What occurs in allergic contact dermatitis ONLY? | vesicles form |
| what causes Irritant contact dermatitis? | exposure to certain irritants |
| What causes Allergic contact dermatitis? | immune reaction to antogen or contact with antigens/allergens |
| when does ICD present itself? | single or multiple exposures |
| when does ICD resolve? | over several days |
| when does ACD present itself? | not usually on first contact but sometime after that 2-48 hours and must have prior exposure |
| What is urushiol induced ACD? | poison ivy, poison oak |
| what does urushiol induced ACD look like? | vesicles, papules, weeping, crusting, itches, stings, or burns |
| when does urushiol usually resolve? | 10-21 days |
| What is dandruff? | excessive scaling of the scalp |
| what are some symptoms of dandruff? | sometimes itching, it appears on the crown of the head |
| What is seborrheic dermatitis? | a red scaly itchy rash thats sometimes yellow and oily. typically on the scalp, face or trunk (sebacious glands) |
| What is psoriasis? | red, scaly, itchy rash thats sometimes oily and yellow |
| What is plaque psoriasis? | raised red patches on the skin that may have a silvery white coating |
| Where can plaque psoriasis occur on the body? | anywhere but mostly on the knees, elbows, lower back, scalp and often involves part of the nail |
| What is gluttate psoriasis? | small red spots on the trunk, arms and legs |
| Can you self treat gluttate psoriasis? | NO must refer |
| What is pustular psoriasis? | red, painful, swollen, and dotted with pus-filled bumps usually on the palms and soles. |
| What accompanies pustular psoriasis? | fever, chills, low appetite and weakness |
| can you self treat pustular psoriasis? | NO must refer |
| What is inverse psoriasis? | smooth red patches that look raw, they develop on the armpit and groin and maybe buttocks |
| What is erythrodermic psoriasis? | skin appears burned and bright red on most of the skin. THIS IS A MEDICAL EMERGENCY |
| What are some non pharm interventions for xerosis and atopic dermatitis | take short showers and baths, use cool mist humidifier, dont scratch, water intake, avoid what seems to cause the irritation |
| What are first second and third line approaches for xerosis and atopic dermatitis? | 1st: modify causative factors. 2nd: recommend non pharm. 3rd: recommend pharm interventions |
| What works in order from best to worst for xerosis? | ointments, creams/lotions, glycerin, surfactants |
| what are the first, second, third, and fourth line approaches for treatment of AD? | 1st: show empathy. 2nd: modify causative factors. 3rd: non drug. 4th: pharm treatment |
| what are the exclusions for self care for xerosis and AD? | severe condition or "intense", over 20%, under 2 yo, infected skin, is in genitals, failure to self treat in 7 days |
| What are the 1st, 2nd and 3rd line approaches for treatment of ICD? | 1st: wash area. 2nd: non drug measures. 3rd: pharm interventions, can try topical hydrocortisone, then hollister creams . AVOID ANTIHISTAMINES |
| what are 1st, 2nd and 3rd line approaches to treatment of ACD? | 1st: remove antogen from skin. 2nd: non drug interventions. 3rd: pharm interventions AVOIF ANESTHETICS AND TOPICAL ANTIHISTAMINES |
| What are some exclusions for self care for CD? | Severe condition, over 20% of body, under 2yo, skin look infected, puss, is in skin folds, eyes or genitals, fail to treat in 7 days |
| what is 1st and 2nd line treatment for dandruff? | 1st: daily or every other day non-medicated shampoo. 2nd: medicated shampoo |
| What are 1st, 2nd and 3rd line treatment for seborrheic dermatitis? | 1st: emotional support. 2nd: non medicated shampoo with medicated shampoo. 3rd: topical hydrocortisone-if itching and inflammation |
| What are 1st second and third line treatments for psoriasis? | 1st: trigger avoidace. 2nd: non drug interventions. 3rd: pharmacologic |
| What are the most wetting agents to the most drying agents? | ointments, lotions and creams, gels, sprays, and solutions and wet dressings |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for xerosis and AD? | ointments, creams/lotions, glycerin/surfactant, topical steroid if irritation, topical antihistamine |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for ICD? | ointments, creams/lotions, glycerin/surfactant, topical steroid if irritation, topical antihistamine, topical hydrocortisone, barrier creams |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for ACD? | ointments, creams/lotions, glycerin/surfactant, topical steroid if irritation, topical antihistamine, topical hydrocortisone, barrier creams |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for dandruff? | medicated shampoos |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for Seborrheic Dermatitis? | topical hydrocortisone if itching and inflammation |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for psoriasis? :dry skin? | moisturizer, cleanser, mineral oil, skin protectant |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for psoriasis? : itching and inflammation? | topical steroids |
| What are the pharmacologic treatments you should use for psoriasis? : plaques? | keratolytics/ cytostatics like coal tar, salicylic acid and urea |
| Hydrate and Restore - Ointment: Dosing | rub a thin layer 3-4 x/day |
| Hydrate and Restore - Ointment: cautions | face applications, open oozing skin, burning skin |
| Hydrate and Restore - Creams/lotions: what are emollients? | leaves an oily film |
| Hydrate and Restore - Creams/lotions: what are humectants? | attract water and hydrate skin |
| Hydrate and Restore - Creams/lotions: Dosing | rub a thin layer onto skin 3-4x/day |
| Hydrate and Restore - Creams/lotions: what are some examples of this? | lanolin (E), shea butter (E), propelyne glycol (h), Glycerin (H), lactic acid (H) |
| Hydrate and Restore - Ointment: what are some examples of this? | petrolatum, vasaline |
| Hydrate and Restore - Cleansers/Surfactants: Dosing | lather, wash, and rinse |
| Hydrate and Restore - Cleansers/surfactants: what are some exaples of this product and what they do? | Mild soap cleansers (drying), glycerin cleansers (less drying), surfactant cleansers (acne) |
| Inflammation/Irritation - Topical steroids: what are some examples of this? | hydrocortisone 0.5%-1.0% Coratid |
| Inflammation/Irritation - Topical steroids: Dosing | apply a thin layer 3-4x/day |
| Inflammation/Irritation - Topical steroids: cautions? | dont apply to broken skin, infected skin or around eyes |
| Inflammation/Irritation - Topical steroids: when should this be applied? | BEFORE creams or lotions, AFTER ointments |
| Inflammation/Irritation - Topical steroids: can you wear tight clothing over this? | you shouldnt |
| Itching/Pain - Topical antihistamines: what are some examples of this? | diphenhydramine .5-2.0% - benadryl |
| Itching/Pain - Topical antihistamines: Dosing | apply a thin layer 3-4x/day |
| Itching/Pain - Topical antihistamines: contraindications | hypersensitivity, Contact dermatitis, use over 3 weeks, dont apply to broken skin |
| Itching/Pain - Topical antihistamines: When should this be applied? | BEFORE creams and lotions, AFTER ointments |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Pyrithione zinc: what do you use it for? | dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Pyrithione zinc: what concentration does it come in? | shampoo: 1 and 2% WASH OFF. residual exposure: .1-.25% LEAVE ONE |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Selenium Sulfide: what is it used for? | dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Selenium Sulfide: what concentration does it come in? | lotion 1% WASH OFF |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Selenium Sulfide: down sides | may discolor lighter hair, leave a bad odor, make hair greasy, sting in eyes |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Ketoconazole: use for | dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Ketoconazole: how do you use the shampoo version? | apply and wash off, use 2x/week for 4-8 weeks allow 3 days bewteen applications |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Ketoconazole: how do you use the cream, gel and foam version? | apply 2x/day for 2-4 weeks |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Ketoconazole: when is it well tolerated? under what conditions? | hair loss, irritation, dry skin, and abnormal hair texture |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Coal Tar: when to use? | dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Coal Tar: adverse effects? | itching, irritation, discolors hair, photosensitizes |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Coal Tar: when to apply? | bedtime, use linens that are ok to stain, avoid being in the sun for 24 hours |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Salysilic acid: when is it used? | dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - Salysilic acid: what are the adverse effects? | itching, irritations, may alter hair appearance, skin absorption, tinnitis, upset stomach and vomiting. very slow acting 7-10 days |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - sulfur (keratolytic agent): what is it used for? | sulfur only: dandruff. Sulfer/salicylic acid: dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis |
| Medicated Shampoos/Topicals - sulfur (keratolytic agent): how long does it take to work? | 7-10 days |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: dosing for baths | add to baths 2-3x/week limit to 3-5 minutes and pat dry |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: dosing for sponge and compress | apply to skin and compress when needed |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: When do you use it? | after moisturizers |
| Hydrate and restore - mineral oils: cautions | elderly, fall risk, facial application, may clog drain |
| Hydrate and restore - mineral oils: what are some examples? | oatmeal bath and mineral oil |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: dosing | apply a thin layer to affected area |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: some examples of products? | urea and allantoin |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: whats the use? | psoriasis, tinea removing scales |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: cautions | dont apply to broken skin |
| Hydrate and restore - karatolytic moisturizers: special counceling on percentage or urea and allantoin | under or at 10% is for hydrating, 20-30% is for exfoliating and removing scales. allantoin is safer but less effective |
Created by:
carlypentland
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