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LSH PScience 23

Chemical Reactions

TermDefinition
Chemical Reaction The change of one or two substances into new substances
Reactant A chemical that reacts with another chemical and forms a new product
Product A new substance formed through a chemical reaction
Chemical Equation A representation of the types and amounts of all atoms present in a chemical reaction
Balanced Chemical Equation A chemical equation written to account for every atom in equal amounts on both the reactant and the product side of a reaction
Combustion Reaction A reaction where something reacts with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O
Synthesis Reaction Two or more substances combine to form a new substance
Decomposition Reaction A substance is broken down into two or more simpler substances
Single Displacement Reaction A single atom or ion takes the place of another in a compound.
Double Displacement Reaction Two compounds switch ions with each other
Oxidation-Reduction Reaction Reactions centered around the gaining or losing of electrons
Activation Energy The minimum amount of energy required to start a reaction
Exergonic Reaction A reaction that produces energy because the formation of new bonds in the products releases more energy than it took to break the bonds in the reactants
Endergonic Reaction A reaction that absorbs energy because it takes more energy to break the bonds in the reactants than is released when the new product bonds are formed
Exothermic Reaction A reaction that releases energy mostly as thermal energy
Endothermic Reaction A reaction that absorbs thermal energy
Reaction Rate The speed at which a chemical reaction occurs
Catalyst Anything that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed itself in the reaction
Inhibitor Anything that is used to slow down a chemical reaction
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