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Developmental Concep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is developmental psychology? | The scientific study of the changes of the mind and related systems throughout the lifespan |
| What changes occur in the lifespan? | physical, cognitive, and social changes |
| What causes change and individual differences? | Genetics and experience |
| What is the snowflake analogy? | Though no two of us are completely identical, many of us possess similar qualities and grow in the same way. If we study the factors that shape one person's development we might able to apply those to another person |
| What are the goals of developmental psychologists that look at change? | tracking/predicting typical development, understanding the triggers and causes to typical development, and examining non-tradition development in order to understand why it occurred and how it impacts the individual |
| What is an example of how developmental psychologist seek to look at change? | Look at Birth because during this time we have more neurons than when we age. Little to no control over most muscles, horrible visual abilities, and few reflexes |
| Apgar Scale | identifies ability to handle stress and high-risk infants |
| Puberty | The process of physical and mental change from childhood to adulthood that is ignited by an increase of hormones in the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland that are sent to the gonads which produce hormones |
| How do women experience puberty? | Experience it earlier than men usually at ages 9-13 but slower |
| How do men experience puberty? | Experience it later than women usually at ages 11-15 |
| Precocious Puberty | The very early onset and rapid progression of puberty which occurs more often in girls than boys |
| What are the impacts of precocious puberty in girls? | Impacts negatively at the time causing riskier behaviors and more emotional problems. Also impacts girls negatively in the future causing poorer school performance, life choices that are similar to older peers, more drug and alcohol problems |
| Why do we study developmental psychology? | It gives us evidence for the idea that development follows a pattern, tells us that this pattern can often times be altered, and it tells us that these alterations can have an impact on the individual at the time and in the future |
| How do we determine heritability? | Through sibling studies and genes and genomes |
| Sibling Studies | Researchers examining heritability through sibling research compared overlaps of different characteristics across different groups of siblings with variations in their amount of genetic and environmental overlaps |
| Examples of Sibling studies | Minnesota Twin registry (thomas bouchard) and research on aging in twins (Sweeden) |
| What was the Bouchard Case Study? | Interviewed two separated twins and found that they had several random things in common. Implied that random things we did are caused by heritability |
| What are some problems with the Bouchard Case Study? | Found weird similarities because Bouchard asked a lot of weird questions. Similarities and rare occurrences are all around us, just not frequent enough to be interesting and we're programmed to recognize similarities even when they're not there |
| Genes | Tiny strands of material we call chromosomes and each person has 23 pairs of chromosomes and in them is the collection of this information |
| Why do we study genes? | Genes determine how your cells are going to multiply and grow and that some also determine a lot about who you are and how you're going to develop. |
| Human Genome | The complete set of genes contained within each of us |
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