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Radiobiology
Unit 2B test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What kinds of effects occur at higher doses and that increase the chances of developing cancer? | Stochastic |
| What effects are dose related? | Nonstochastic |
| Name some early nonstochastic somatic effects. | Nausea, fatigue, erythema, epilation, blood disorders, intestinal disorders, decreased sperm count, CNS injury |
| What are three types of tissues that are affected immediately by irradiation? | Skin, gonads, bone marrow |
| What term is described when a part of a body and not the whole body is irradiated, it takes a higher dose to produce a response? | Local tissue damage |
| The lowest layer of epidermis consists of what kind of cell? | Basal cell |
| T/F: stem cells are undifferentiated cells which are basal cells. | True |
| What is the first observable biologic response to radiation? | Erythema |
| What does SED50 mean? | The dose required to affect 50% of the people irradiated |
| What is the SED50 for humans? In Gy? | 500 rads or 5 Gy |
| T/F: skin cancer usually begins with development of radiodermitis. | True |
| Where are crypt cells located? | Depressions located between villi in the small intestine |
| What is the main function of the villi? | Absorption |
| Which cell's function is to provide new cells to replace the epithelium? | Mucosal crypt cells |
| What does ARS stand for? | Acute radiation syndrome |
| Out of nonstochastic and stochastic, which one involves when the dose increases, the probability of developing cancer also increases? | Stochastic |
| Out of stochastic and nonstochastic, which one is dose related? | Nonstochastic |
| Stochastic effects are also known as? | Probabilistic, cancerous effects |
| Nonstochastic effects are also known as? | Deterministic, dose dependent |
| What kind of curves don't pass thru the origin? | Threshold |
| What kind of curves are there? | *linear threshold *linear nonthreshold *linear quadratic nonthreshold *sigmoid threshold |
| Which curve is related to low LET radiation doses? | Linear quadratic non threshold |
| Which curve is related to high dose fluoro doses and in radiation therapy? | Sigmoid threshold |
| What term describes "no level of radiation can produce no harm or effects"? | Nonthreshold |
| What is the period in ARS that normally doesn't show any symptoms but there is still possible biological damage? | Latent period |
| What are three main groups of the manifest stage of ARS? | 1) hemapoietic 2) GI syndrome 3) CNS syndrome |
| Is ARS nonstochastic or stochastic? | Nonstochastic |
| At what dose does the prodromal stage begin at? | 1 Gy |
| In rads, what is the minimum dose to start developing hemapoietic? | 30 rads |
| How long does the latent stage last for hemapoietic? | Minutes to days |
| At what exposure does the GI syndrome occur at? | More than 10 Gy or 1,000 rads |
| At what stage during the GI syndrome do the crypt cells start to die? | Latent period |
Created by:
mokapis
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