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#lpeleap Chapter 13
Treatment of Disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aversive conditioning | a type of behavior conditioning in which noxious stimuli are associated with undesirable or unwanted behavior that is to be modified or abolished, as the use of nausea-inducing drugs in the treatment of alcoholism. |
| Electroconvulsive therapy | s a procedure in which electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure. ECT seems to cause changes in brain chemistry that can quickly reverse symptoms of certain mental illnesses. |
| Evidence-base practice | Applying the best available research results (evidence) when making decisions about health care. Health care professionals who perform evidence-based practice use research evidence along with clinical expertise and patient preferences. |
| Meta-analysis | dominated by a very large study, the findings from smaller studies are practically ignored. Most importantly, the fixed effects model assumes that all included studies investigate the same population, use the same variable and outcome definitions, etc. |
| Psychodynamic therapy | psychotherapy is a form of depth psychology, the primary focus of which is to reveal the unconscious content of a client's psyche in an effort to alleviate psychic tension. In this way, it is similar to psychoanalysis. |
| Psychopharmacology | the branch of psychology concerned with the effects of drugs on the mind and behavior. |
| Regression toward the mean | if a variable is extreme on its first measurement, it will tend to be closer to the average on its second measurement—and, paradoxically, if it is extreme on its second measurement, it will tend to have been closer to the average on its first. |
| Resilience | is defined as an individual's ability to properly adapt to stress and adversity. |
| Resistance | as initially used by Sigmund Freud, referred to patients blocking memories from conscious memory. This was a key concept, since the primary treatment method of Freud's talk therapy required making these memories available to the patient's consciousness. |
| Tardive dyskinesia | a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the face and jaw |
| Dorothea Dix | United States social reformer who pioneered in the reform of prisons and in the treatment of the mentally ill; superintended women army nurses during the American Civil War |
| Albert Ellis | who in 1955 developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). He held M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in clinical psychology from Columbia University and American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP). |
| Mary Cover Jones | Within psychology, a scientific field dominated throughout much of the 20th century by male scientists, Mary Cover Jones stands out as a pioneer of behavior therapy—Joseph Wolpe dubbed her "the mother of behavior therapy". ... |
| Joseph Wolpe | was a South African psychiatrist, one of the most influential figures in Behavior Therapy. |
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