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Chapter 7~ Memory, Thinking, Problem Solving, Creativity, and Language
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acoustic Encoding | the encoding of sound, especially the sound of words |
| Echoic Memory | a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds |
| Iconic Memory | a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second |
| Imagery | mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding |
| Implicit Memory | retention independent of conscious recollection |
| Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) | an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation; neural basis for learning and memory |
| Memory | the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information |
| Semantic Encoding | the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words |
| Sensory Memory | the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system |
| Spacing Effect | the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice |
| Working Memory | a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory |
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