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#rdinhap
Chapter 3~ Biological Basis of Behavior
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Autonomic Nervous System | part of the PNS that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart) |
| Behavioral Genetics | the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior |
| Central Nervous System (CNS) | the brain and spinal cord |
| Computed Tomography (CT) | a series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through a body |
| Interneurons | neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between sensory inputs and motor outputs |
| Limbic System | doughnut shaped neural system (consists of the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus) located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue; show brain anatomy |
| Medulla | the base of the brain stem; controls heartbeat and breathing |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy |
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body |
| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) | a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task |
| Reticular Formation | a nerve network in the brain stem that plays an important role in controlling arousal |
| Somatic Nervous System | the division of the PNS that controls the body's skeletal muscles |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations |
| Thalamus | brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brain stem; directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla |
| Wernicke's Area | controls language reception- a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe |
| Parietal Lobes | portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the ear; receives sensory input for touch and body position |
| Electroencephalogram (EEG) | an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface; measured by electrodes placed on scalp |
| Functional MRI (fMRI) | a technique for revealing blood flow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans; shows brain function |
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