Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
#mpappalardoap
Chapter 10 Personality
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Collective unconscious | Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our specie's history. |
| Collectivisim | giving priority to goal's of one;s group & defining one's identity accordingly. |
| Collectivism often involves | family or work group |
| Defense mechanism | the ego's protective method of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality |
| Defense mechanism is a part of | psychoanalytic theory |
| Denial | psychoanalytic dense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even to perceive painful realities. |
| Displacement | psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person. (As when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet) |
| Ego | largely conscious executive part of personality that according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego & reality. |
| Ego operates on the | reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain |
| Empirically derived test | a test developed by testing a pool of items & then selecting those that discriminate between two group |
| Empirically derived test example | MMPI |
| External locus of control | perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate |
| Fixation | According to Freud a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psycho-sexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved |
| Free Association | In psychoanlaysis- method of exploring unconscious in which the person relaxes & says whatever comes to mind,no matter how trivial or embarassing. |
| Id | a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy, that according to Freud strives to satisfy basic sexual & agressive drives |
| Id operates on | pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification |
| Identification | Accodring to Freud- the process by which, children incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos |
| Individualism | giving priority to one's own goals over group goals & defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications |
| Internal locus of control | the perception that you control your own fate |
| MMPI stands for | Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory |
| MMPI | most widely researched & clinically used of all personality test |
| MMPI originally developed to | identify emotional disorders & is now used for other purposes as well |
| Oedipus Complex | a boy's sexual desires towards his mother & feeling of hatred & jealousy for the rival father |
| Personal control | the extent to which people perceive control over their environment rather than feeling helpless. |
| Personality | an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling & acting |
| Personality Inventory | a questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wild range of feelings & behaviors |
| Personality inventories are used to asses | selceted personality traits |
| Personality Inventory questionnaires are typically | true/false or agree/disagree questions |
| Positive Psychology | the study of optimal human funcitioning |
| Positive psychology aims to | discover & promote strengths & virtues that enable individuals & communities to thrive |
| Projection | psychoanalytic defense mechanism- by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others |
| Projective Test | personality test- providing ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamic |
| Projective Tests include | Rorschach or TAT |
| Psychoanalysis | Freud's theory of personality & therapeutic technique that attributes thoughts & actions to unconscious motives & conflicts. |
| Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams & transference & therapist's interpretation of them | released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight. |
| Psychosexual Stages | childhood stages of devlopment during wich the id's pleasure seeking energies focus on disting erogenous zones |
| childhood stages of development include | oral, anal, phallic, latency & genital |
| Rationalization | psychoanalytic defense mechanism- that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one's actions. |
| Reaction formation | psychoanalytic defense mechanism- ego unconsciously switched unacceptable impulses into their opposites. People may express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings. |
| Reciprocal determinism | the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition & environment. |
| Regression | psychoanalytic defense mechanism- in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psycho-sexual stage, some psychic energy remains fixed |
| Repression | pscychoanalytic theory- basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings & memories from consciousness. |
| Rorschach Inkblot Test | widely used projective test; set of 10 inkblots; designed to identify people's inner feeling by analyzing their interpretations of the dots |
| Rorschach Inkblot test was created by | Hermann Rorschach |
| Self | in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center or personality, the oragnizer of our thoughts, feelings & actions. |
| Self actualization | according to Maslow one o f the ultimate psychological needs that arise after basic & psychological needs are met & self-esteem is achieved |
| self actualization is the | motivation to fulfill one's potential |
| Self-concept | all our thought & feeling about ourselves in answer to the question, "Who am I?" |
| Self-esteem | one's feeling of high or low self worth |
| Self serving bias | a readiness to perceive oneself favorably |
| Social-cognitive perspective | views behavior as influenced by the interaction between people's traits & thinking & their social context |
| Spotlight effect | overestimating others' noticing & evaluating our appearance, performance & blunders |
| Sublimination | psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people re-channel their unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities |
| Superego | aspect of personality according to Freud represents internalized ideals & provides standards for judgement & for future aspirations |
| Terror-management theory | theory of death-related anxiety |
| Terror management theory explores | people's emotional & behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death |
| Theory | an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations & predicts behaviors or events |
| Thematic Apperception test is a | projective test |
| Thematic Apperception test | people express their inner feelings & interest through the stories they make up about ambigious scenes |
| Trait | a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel & act, as assessed by self-report inventories & peer reports |
| Uncondiitonal Positive regard created by | Carl Rogers |
| unconditional positive regard | a caring, accepting, non-judgemental attitude believed would help clients develop self-awareness & self-acceptance |
| Unconscious according to freud | a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, & memories. |
| unconscious according to contemporary psychologists | information processing of which we are unaware |
Created by:
mp129152
Popular Psychology sets