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Chapter 12
PSYCH 121
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| stress | a negative emotional state occurring in response to events that are perceived as taxing or exceeding a person's resources or ability to cope |
| cognitive appraisal model o f stress | developed by Richard Lazarus, a model of stress that emphasizes the role of an individual's evaluation (appraisal) of events and situations and of the resources that he or she has to deal with the event or situation |
| healthy psychology | the branch of psychology that studies how biological, behavioral, and social factors influence health, illness, medical treatment, and health-related behaviors |
| biopsychological model | the belief that physical health and illness are determined by the complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors |
| stressors | events or situations that are perceived as harmful, threatening or challenging |
| daily hassles | everyday minor events that annoy and upset people |
| acculturative stress | the stress that results from the pressure of adapting to a new culture |
| fight-or-flight response | a rapidly occurring chain of internal physical reactions that prepare people either to fight or take flight from an immediate threat |
| catecholamines | hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that cause rapid physiological arousal, including adrenaline and noradrenaline |
| corticosteroids | hormones released by the adrenal cortex that play a key role in the body's response to long-term stressors |
| general adaptation syndrome | Selye's term for the three-stage progression of physical changes that occur when an organism is exposed to intense and prolonged stress. The three stages are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion |
| telomeres | repeated, duplicate DNA sequences that are found at the very tips of chromosomes and that protect the chromosomes genetic data during cell division |
| immune system | body system that produces specialized white blood cells that protect the body from viruses, bacteria, and tumor cells |
| lymphocytes | specialized white blood cells that are responsible for immune defenses |
| psychoneuroimmunology | an interdisciplinary field that studies the interconnections among psychological processes, nervous and endocrine system functions, and the immunes sytem |
| optimistic explanatory style | accounting for negative events or situations with external, unstable, and specific explanations |
| pessimistic explanatory style | accounting for negative events or situations with internal, stable, and global explanations |
| social support | the resources provided by other people in times of need |
| coping | behavioral and cognitive responses used to deal with stressors, involves our efforts to change circumstances, or our interpretation of circumstances, to make them more favorable and less threatening |
| problem-focused coping | coping efforts primarily aimed at directly changing or managing a threatening or harmful stressor |
| emotion-focused coping | coping efforts primarily aimed at relieving or regulating the emotional impact of a stressful situation |
| mindfulness meditation | a technique in which practitioners focus awareness on present experience with acceptance |
Created by:
Nicolekr
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