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#rdinhap

Chapter 1~ Psychology's History and Approaches

TermDefinition
Empiricism the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation
Structuralism early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind
Experimental Psychology the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
Social-Cultural Psychology the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
Psychometrics the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
Functionalism school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish
Levels of Analysis the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
Psychiatry branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy
Socrates and Plato Grecian philosophers who concluded that the mind is separable from the body and continues after the body dies, and that knowledge is innate- born within us
Edward Titchener creator of structuralism and the idea of introspection
Aristotle student of Plato who stated that knowledge is NOT preexisting; instead it grows from the experiences stored in our memories
Rene Descartes agreed that knowledge is innate and is able to survive death; concluded that the fluid in the brain's cavities contained "animal spirits" which flowed from the brain, through the nerves, to the muscles, provoking movement
Wilhelm Wundt German professor who aimed to measure the fastest and simplest mental processes, starting psychology's first experiment and opening the first labratory
William James philosopher who used Darwin's principles of natural selection to create functionalism; thinking developed because it was adaptive
Created by: rd117084
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