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Geo
Ch. 21,22,23
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Agricultural Revolution | the change from nomadic hunting and gathering to farming that took place about 80000 B.C |
Civilization | an advanced culture |
Monotheism | the belief in one God |
Protectorate | an area that has its own government but is controlled by an outside power |
Chaparral | a type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climates; small evergreen trees and low bushes, or scrub |
Poaching | illegal hunting |
Mosque | an Islamic place of religious worship |
Muezzin | in Islam, a crier who calls the faithful to prayer five times each day fro a minaret |
Minaret | a tall, slender tower attached to a mosque |
Desalination | the process of removing salt from seawater so that it can be used for drinking and irrigation |
Nomad | a person who travels from place to place |
Trade Deficit | the situation in which a country imports more that it exports |
Trade Surplus | the situation in which a country exports more than it imports |
Autonomy | independence |
Genocide | the systematic killing or intentional destruction of a people |
Nationalism | pride in one's nation; the desire of a cultural group to rule themselves as a separate nation |
Chernozem | a rich topsoil found in the Russian steppes and other mid-latitude grasslands |
Yurt | a round tent made of wooden framework and covered with felt or skins |
Fundamentalism | a set of religious beliefs based on a strict interpretation of a sacred text |
Desertification | the transformation of arable land into desert either naturally or through human intervention |
Mandate | a commission from the League of Nations authorizing a nation to govern a territory |
Zionist | a member of a movement known as Zionism, founded to promote the establishment of an independent Jewish state |
Self-determnation | the right of a people to decide their own political future |
Drip Irrigation | a process by which precisely controlled amounts of water drip directly onto plants from pipes, thus preserving precious water resources in dry areas |
Potash | a mineral used in explosives and fertilizer |
Fertile Crescent | a region in the Middle East where farming and the first civilizations developed |
Militia | a citizen army |
Anarchy | political disorder and violence; lawlessness |
Embargo | a severe restriction of trade with other countries |
Infrastructure | the basic support facilities of a country, such as roads and bridges, power plants, and schools |
Falaj System | in the Arabian Peninsula, an ancient system of underground and surface water canals |
Secular | worldly,not related to religion |
Shah | the title of the farmer ruler of Iran |
ayatollah | a religious leader among Shiite Muslim |