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Chapter 21,22,23
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Agricultural Revolution | The change from nomadic hunting and gathering to farming that took place about 8000 BC. |
| Civilization | An advanced culture. |
| Monotheism | The belief in one God. |
| Protectorate | An area that has its own government but is controlled by an outside power. |
| Chaparral | A type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climates small evergreen trees and low bushes or scrubs. |
| Poaching | Illegal hunting. |
| Mosque | An Islamic place of religious worship. |
| Muezzin | In Islam a crier who calls the faithful to prater five times each day from a minaret. |
| Minaret | A tall slender tower attached to a mosque. |
| Desalination Plant | The process of removing salt from seawater so that it can be used for drinking and irrigation. |
| Nomad | A person who travels from place to place. |
| Trade deificit | The situation in which a country imports more than it exports. |
| Trade surplus | The situation in which a country exports more than it imports. |
| Autonomy | Independence. |
| Genocide | The systematic killing or intentional destruction of a people. |
| Nationalism | Pride in ones nation the desire of a cultural group to rule themselves as a separate nation. |
| Chernozem | A rich topsoil found in the Russian steppes and other mid latitude grasslands. |
| Yurt | A round tent made of a wooden framework and covered with felt or skins. |
| Fundamentalism | A set of religious beliefs based on a strict interpretation of a sacred text. |
| Desertification | The transformation of arable land into desert either naturally or through human intervention. |
| Mandate | A commission from the League of Nations authorizing a nation to govern territory. |
| Zionist | A member of a movement known as Zionism founded to promote to establishment of an independent Jewish state. |
| Self-dertamination | The right of the people to decide their own political future. |
| Drip irrigation | The process by which precisely controlled amounts of water drip directly onto plants from popes thus preserving precious water resources in dry areas. |
| Potash | A mineral used in explosives and fertilizer. |
| Fertile cresent | A region in the Middle East where farming and the first civilizations where developed. |
| Militia | A citizen army. |
| Anarchy | A political disorder and violence, Lawlessness. |
| Embargo | A severe restriction of trade with other countries. |
| Infrastructure | The basic support facilities of a community or country such as roads bridges power plants or schools. |
| falaj system | In the Arabian peninsula an ancient system of underground and surface canals. |
| Secular | Worldly not relating to religion. |
| Shah | The title of the former ruler of Iran. |
| Ayatollah | A religious leader among Shiite Muslims. |