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Acids, Bases & Salts

Vocabulary for Acids, Bases and Salts

TermDefinition
acid a substance that produces hydrogen ions in a water solution
hydronium ion H3O ions when an acid dissolves in water, H+ ions interact with water molecules to form H3O ions.
indicator an organic compound that changes color in acid and base
base can be defined two ways: 1- Any substance that forms hydroxide ions, OH-, in a water solution. 2- Any substance that accepts H+ from acids.
strong acid nearly all of the acid molecules dissociate into ions when the acid is dissolved in water
weak acid only a small fraction of the molecules dissolve in water
strong base dissociates completely in solution Ex. NaOH-->Na+ + OH-
weak base does not dissociate completely Ex. NH3 +H2O --><--NH4+ + OH-
pH a measure of the concentration of H+ ions in a solution. The lower the pH, the more acidic the solution is. The higher the ph, the more basic the solution is. A ph of 7 indicates the H+ and OH- ions are equal and the solution is considered neutral.
buffer solutions containing ions that react with additional acids or bases to minimize their effects on pH. In other words, they enable small amts of acids or bases to be absorbed without harmful effects. Ex. HCO3- is the buffer in your blood so pH stays at 7.4
neutralization chemical reaction between an acid and a base that takes place in a water solution. Ex. H3O+ +OH- -->2H2O
salt a compound formed when the negative ions from an acid combine with the positive ions from a base. Ex. Na+ + Cl- --> NaCl
titration process in which a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution.
soap organic salts. They have a non polar organic chain of carbon atoms on one end and either a sodium or potassium salt of a carboxylic acid -COOH group at the other end.
dissociates separates
Created by: rakley
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