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Psych Ch. 9 - Memory

Mrs. Bonfanti 5th Period - Memory Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Memory The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.
Flashbulb Memory A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.
Encoding The processing of information into the memory system.
Storage The retention of encoded information over time.
Retrieval The process of getting information out of memory storage.
Sensory Memory The immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system.
Short-term Memory Activated memory that holds a few items briefly before the information is stored or forgotten.
Long-term Memory The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system including both knowledge, skills, and experiences.
Working Memory A newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information.
Automatic Processing Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well learned information, such as word meanings.
Effortful Processing Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.
Rehearsal The conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it in storage.
Spacing Effect The tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice.
Serial Position Effect Our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list.
Visual Encoding The encoding of picture images
Acoustic Encoding The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.
Semantic Encoding The encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words.
Imagery Mental pictures
Mnemonics Memory aids
Chunking Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically.
Iconic Memory A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
Echoic Memory A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli
Long-term Potentiation (LTP) An increase in synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation.
Implicit Memory Retention independent of conscious recollection.
Explicit Memory Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know.
Hippocampus A neural center that is located in the limbic system and helps process explicit memories for storage.
Recall A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier (IE: a fill-in-the-blank test)
Recognition A measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned (IE: a multiple choice test)
Relearning A memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time (IE: what you're doing right now)
Priming The activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.
Deja Vu That eerie sense that "I've experienced this before."
Mood-Congruent Memory The tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's mood.
Proactive Interference The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of information.
Retroactive Interference The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information.
Repression(Freud) In the psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.
Amnesia The loss of memory
Source Misattribution When one attributes to the wrong source an event they've heard about, read about, or imagined.
Misinformation Effect Incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event.
Created by: Samantha H
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