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Unit 1 Matter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
Mass | describes the amount of matter in an object |
Weight | a measure of the gravitational force on an object |
Volume | the amount of space that an object takes up, or occupies |
Density | a measure of the amount of mass in a given volume |
Physical Property | a characteristic of a substance that can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance |
Chemical Property | describes a substance's ability to change into a new substance with different properties |
Physical Change | a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance |
Chemical Change | occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties |
Law of Conservation of Mass | states that in ordinary chemical and physical changes, mass is not created or destroyed but is only transformed into different substances |
Atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
Element | made up of one or more of the same kind of atom chemically combined |
Compound | made up of different kinds of atoms chemically combined |
Mixture | contains a variety of elements and compounds that are not chemically combined with each other |
Pure Substance | a substance that has definite physical and chemical properties such as appearance, melting point, and reactivity |
Heterogeneous | one that does not have a uniform composition |
Homogeneous | ex: if you add sugar to a cup of water, the sugar dissolves. Each part of the sugar-water mixture has the same sweet taste |
Solid | a substance with definite volume and shape |
Liquid | a substance that has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
Gas | does not have definite volume or shape |
Freezing | the change in state in which a liquid becomes a solid |
Melting | the change of state from a solid to a liquid |
Evaporation | As liquid is warmed, its particles gain energy. Some particles gain enough energy that they escape from the surface of the liquid and become a gas |
Boiling | a rapid change from a liquid to a gas, or vapor |
Condensation | change of state from a gas to a liquid |
Sublimation | change from a solid state directly into a gas |
Deposition | the change in state from a gas directly to a solid |