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matter and energy
unit 1, lesson 1-6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| mass | a measure of the amount of matter in an object |
| weight | a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe |
| volume | the amount of space that an object takes up, or occupies |
| density | the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance |
| physical property | a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, color, or hardness |
| chemical property | a property of matter that describes a substances ability to participate in chemical reactions |
| physical change | the change of matter from one to another without a change in chemical properties |
| chemical change | a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties |
| law of conservation of mass | the law that states that mass cannot bee created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical properties |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
| element | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means |
| compound | a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| mixture | the combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| pure substance | a sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties |
| heterogeneous | describes something that does not have a uniform structure or composition throughout |
| homogeneous | describes something that has uniform structure or composition throughout |
| solid | the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed |
| liquid | the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
| gas | a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape |
| freezing | the change of state from a liquid to a solid |
| melting | the change of state from a solid to a liquid |
| evaporation | the change of state from a liquid to a gas that usually occurs at the surface of a liquid over a wide range of temperature |
| boiling | the change of state from a liquid to a gas that occurs at a specific temperature |
| condensation | the change of state from a gas to a liquid |
| sublimation | the change of state from a solid directly to a gas |
| deposition | the change of state from a gas directly to a solid |