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Chap 19 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The total force acting on crustal rocks per unit of area. | Stress |
| The deformation of materials in response to stress. | Strain |
| Caused when a material is compressed, bent, or stretched. | Elastic deformation |
| When stress builds up past a certain point, called the elastic limit. | Plastic deformation |
| Any fracture or system of fracture along which Earth moves. | Fault |
| The vibrations of the ground produced during an earthquake. | Seismic wave |
| Squeeze and push rocks in the direction along which the waves are traveling. | Primary Wave |
| Seismic wave that causes rock particles to move at right angles to the direction of the wave known. | Secondary Wave |
| Point of the initial fault rupture where an earthquake originates that usually lies at least several kilometer beneath Earth's surface. | Focus |
| Point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. | Epicenter |
| Instrument used to measure horizontal or vertical motion during an earthquake. | Seismometer |
| Record produced by a seismometer that can provide individual tracking of each type of seismic wave. | Seismogram |
| Numerical rating system used to measure the amount of energy released during an earthquake. | Richter scale |
| Measure of the energy released during an earthquake, which can be described using the Richter scale. | Magnitude |
| The size of the seismic waves; an increase of 1 in the scale represents an increase in amplitude of a factor of 10. | Amplitude |
| A rating scale that measures the energy released by an earthquake, taking into account the size of the fault rupture, the amount of movement along the fault, and the rock's stiffness. | Moment magnitude scale |
| Rates the types of damage and other effects of an earthquake as notes by observers during and after its occurrence. | Modified Mercalli scale |
| Seismic vibrations can cause the ground to behave like a liquid in a phenomenon. | Soil liquesfaction |
| A large ocean wave generated by vertical motions of the seafloor during an earthquake. | Tsunami |
| Are sections located along faults that are known to be active, but which have not experienced significant earthquakes for a long period of time. | Seismic gap |
Created by:
jesse14